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1have an effect on
对…有影响
讲解effect前常加形容词(positive/negative/profound)说明影响性质，介词固定用on。
搭配have a great effect on, have little effect on, have a lasting effect on
近义influence, impact, affect
派生effect n. 效果; effective adj. 有效的; effectively adv. 有效地
Regular exercise can have a positive effect on both your physical and mental health.
规律的锻炼会对你的身心健康产生积极的影响。
2endangered species
濒危物种
讲解endangered由过去分词转化而来，作定语修饰species，常与protect/conserve连用。
记忆end(结束)+angered(被激怒)→被逼到尽头、面临终结的物种。
搭配protect endangered species, endangered animals, critically endangered
近义threatened species, at-risk species
反义common species, thriving species
派生endanger v. 使濒危; endangerment n. 濒危
Governments should take urgent measures to protect endangered species from extinction.
政府应采取紧急措施保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
3emotional domain
情感领域
讲解domain指某一领域或范畴，emotional domain多用于学术或雅思写作中讨论情感层面。
搭配the emotional domain, in the emotional domain, the domain of emotion
近义emotional sphere, emotional realm, affective domain
派生domain n. 领域; dominate v. 支配
Music and literature both belong to the emotional domain of human experience.
音乐和文学都属于人类体验中的情感领域。
4better off
境况更好
讲解better off是well off的比较级，指经济或处境更好，常用于比较利弊的写作。
搭配be better off doing sth, be better off than, financially better off
近义in a better position, more fortunate
反义worse off, worse off than before
People who invest in education early are usually better off in the long run.
早年投资于教育的人从长远来看通常境况更好。
5intestinal parasite
肠内寄生虫
讲解intestinal为形容词，修饰parasite等医学名词，常见于健康与卫生话题。
记忆intestin(肠)+al(形容词后缀)→与肠有关的。
搭配intestinal parasite, intestinal infection, intestinal disease
近义gut parasite, bowel parasite
派生intestine n. 肠; intestinal adj. 肠的
Poor sanitation can allow intestinal parasites to spread rapidly among local residents.
卫生条件差会使肠内寄生虫在当地居民中迅速传播。
6reservoir population
储备种群
讲解reservoir population指病原体长期存活的动物宿主群体，多用于流行病学语境。
搭配reservoir population, animal reservoir, natural reservoir
近义host population, carrier population
派生reservoir n. 储存库; 宿主
Scientists monitor the reservoir population to predict when a disease might spread.
科学家监测储备种群以预测疾病可能何时传播。
7glacial archaeologist
冰川考古学家
讲解指专门研究冰川或极寒地区人类遗迹的考古学家，属学术冷门职业名词
搭配glacial archaeologist team, leading glacial archaeologist
近义polar archaeologist, ice-age researcher
派生glacial archaeology
The glacial archaeologist spent three summers excavating ancient tools frozen in the Arctic ice.
这位冰川考古学家花了三个夏天挖掘冻结在北极冰层中的古代工具。
8real estate agency
房产中介
讲解指提供房屋买卖与租赁服务的机构，雅思住房话题常用
搭配local real estate agency, register with a real estate agency
近义property agency, estate agent
派生real estate agent
She contacted a real estate agency to help her find a flat near the university campus.
她联系了一家房产中介，帮她找大学校园附近的公寓。
9hallow mould
中空模具
讲解指内部空心的铸模，用于塑造中空制品；注意 hallow 与 hollow 拼写易混
搭配hallow mould casting, fill the hallow mould
近义hollow mold, cavity mould
The factory uses a hallow mould to shape molten glass into perfectly round bottles.
这家工厂使用中空模具将熔融玻璃塑造成完美的圆形瓶子。
10outright fraud
彻底的欺诈
讲解outright 意为「完全的、公然的」，强调欺诈性质明确、毫无掩饰
搭配commit outright fraud, accuse sb of outright fraud
近义blatant fraud, clear deception
反义minor error, honest mistake
Investigators uncovered outright fraud in the charity's accounts, shocking every regular donor.
调查人员在这家慈善机构的账目中发现了彻底的欺诈行为，令所有定期捐款者震惊。
11medical condition
医疗条件
讲解指身体或精神方面的健康状况或疾病，常与 chronic, serious 等搭配
搭配chronic medical condition, pre-existing medical condition
近义health condition, illness
派生medical condition monitoring
People with a chronic medical condition should consult a doctor before starting any intense exercise.
患有慢性疾病的人在开始任何剧烈运动前应咨询医生。
12objective opinion
客观的看法
讲解objective 强调不受个人偏见影响，与 subjective 相对，常用于议论类写作
搭配offer an objective opinion, remain objective
近义unbiased view, impartial judgment
反义subjective opinion, biased view
A good journalist must present an objective opinion based on facts rather than personal feelings.
优秀的记者必须基于事实而非个人情感呈现客观的看法。
13traffic congestion
交通阻塞
讲解不可数名词短语，常作主语或宾语；雅思写作交通类话题高频，可搭配 reduce/ease/tackle。
搭配traffic congestion charging, ease traffic congestion, relieve traffic congestion
近义traffic jam, gridlock, bottleneck
派生congested (adj.) 拥堵的
Traffic congestion in major cities wastes hours of commuters' time every single day.
大城市的交通拥堵每天浪费通勤者数小时的时间。
14creep up on
缓慢地悄悄靠近
讲解动词短语，指某事物不知不觉地逼近；宾语放 on 之后，常用进行时或一般时。
搭配creep up on someone, creep up on you, slowly creep up on
近义sneak up on, steal up on, close in on
反义recede from, retreat from
Old age creeps up on you before you have time to prepare for it.
衰老在你还没来得及准备时就悄悄来临了。
15administrative work
行政工作
讲解不可数名词短语，指文书、档案、审批等事务性工作；正式语境常用，可加 routine/daily 修饰。
搭配do administrative work, handle administrative work, routine administrative work
近义paperwork, clerical work, office duties
派生administration (n.) 行政；administrator (n.) 行政人员
She spends most of her working day dealing with routine administrative work.
她工作日的大部分时间都在处理日常行政工作。
16synaptic complex
突触复合体
讲解专业术语，神经生物学中指突触部位由多种蛋白组成的复合结构；雅思阅读科普类文章可能出现。
搭配synaptic complex formation, assemble a synaptic complex
近义synaptic junction, synapse structure
派生synaptic (adj.) 突触的；synapse (n.) 突触
Researchers examined the synaptic complex to understand how signals pass between neurons.
研究人员检查了突触复合体，以了解信号如何在神经元之间传递。
17repair kit
修理工具箱
讲解可数名词短语，指成套的修理工具或配件；常与 keep/carry 连用，也可引申为应急方案。
搭配a basic repair kit, a bicycle repair kit, keep a repair kit
近义tool kit, fix-it kit
派生repair (v./n.) 修理；kit (n.) 成套工具
Every driver should keep a basic repair kit in the boot of the car.
每位司机都应在汽车后备箱里备一个基本的修理工具箱。
18natural enemy
天敌
讲解可数名词短语，指自然界中制约某物种的天敌；生态类话题常用，也可喻指主要对手。
搭配natural enemy of, have no natural enemy, control pests' natural enemies
近义predator, foe, adversary
反义ally, protector
Introducing a species without its natural enemy can destroy the local ecosystem.
引入一个没有天敌的物种可能会破坏当地的生态系统。
19propylene glycol
丙二醇
讲解化学/化妆品语境中的常见成分名词，雅思阅读科普类文章可能涉及，属专有名词，通常不加冠词。
搭配propylene glycol solution, contain propylene glycol
近义propylene, glycol
派生glycol (n. 二醇)
Many skincare products contain propylene glycol to help the skin retain moisture.
许多护肤品含有丙二醇，以帮助皮肤保持水分。
20ancient craft
古老的工艺
讲解常用于文化旅游、传统保护类话题，craft 此处指手工艺，可数，常用复数 ancient crafts。
搭配traditional craft, practise a craft, handicraft
近义traditional craft, age-old skill
反义modern technique
派生craftsman (n. 工匠), craftwork (n. 工艺品)
Tourists can watch artisans practising ancient crafts such as pottery and weaving.
游客可以观看工匠实践陶艺、编织等古老工艺。
21complicated principle
复杂的原理
讲解学术语境常用，complicated 强调结构繁复，principle 指基本原理，搭配 behind 表“背后的”。
搭配basic principle, underlying principle, explain a principle
近义complex theory, intricate rule
反义simple principle
派生principled (adj. 有原则的)
The professor explained the complicated principle behind quantum computing in simple terms.
教授用简单的语言解释了量子计算背后复杂的原理。
22scenic area
风景区
讲解旅游类高频表达，scenic area 指官方划定的风景区，比 scenic spot 范围更大。
搭配famous scenic area, scenic spot, tourist attraction
近义tourist site, beauty spot
派生scenery (n. 风景), scenic (adj. 风景优美的)
The scenic area attracts millions of visitors every year thanks to its breathtaking views.
该风景区因其令人叹为观止的景色每年吸引数百万游客。
23linguistic diversity
语言多样性
讲解社会文化类高频话题，常与 preserve, protect, threaten 等动词搭配，不可数。
搭配preserve linguistic diversity, cultural diversity, language loss
近义language variety, multilingualism
反义linguistic uniformity
派生linguist (n. 语言学家), linguistic (adj. 语言的)
Globalisation threatens linguistic diversity as many minority languages gradually disappear.
全球化威胁着语言多样性，因为许多少数民族语言正逐渐消失。
24interference with
干涉；干预
讲解interference 后接介词 with 表示对某事的干预，不可数名词，写作中常用于批评过度干预。
搭配interference with sth, government interference, without interference
近义intervention in, meddling with
反义non-interference, laissez-faire
派生interfere (v. 干涉)
Constant interference with children's study habits may harm their ability to learn independently.
不断干涉孩子的学习习惯可能会损害他们独立学习的能力。
25tangible results
实际的效果
讲解tangible 本义为“可触摸的”，引申为“实实在在的、看得见摸得着的”，常与 results/benefits/progress 搭配，用于论证政策或措施的有效性。
记忆tangible 源自拉丁语 tangere（触摸），与 contact（接触）同源，能摸到的东西自然是“实际的”。
搭配tangible results, tangible benefits, tangible evidence, tangible progress
近义concrete results, visible results, practical effects
反义intangible results, abstract effects
派生tangibly（adv. 实实在在地）, tangibility（n. 有形性）
The new policy has produced tangible results in reducing urban air pollution.
新政策在减少城市空气污染方面产生了实际的效果。
26inward incline
向内倾斜
讲解inward 意为“向内的”，incline 意为“倾斜、斜坡”，该短语多用于描述建筑、地形或物体表面的倾斜方向。
记忆in-（向内）+ ward（方向后缀）= inward；incline 中 clin 源自“倾斜”，cline 亦见于 decline（下降）。
搭配inward incline, slight inward incline, an incline towards
近义inward slope, inward tilt
反义outward incline, outward slope
派生inclination（n. 倾向）, inclined（adj. 倾斜的）
The engineer noticed a slight inward incline on the roof to improve drainage.
工程师注意到屋顶有轻微的内向倾斜，以改善排水。
27screen out
驱逐，剔除；筛选出
讲解screen out 有两层含义：一是“筛掉、剔除”不合格者，二是“筛选出”合格者，具体取决于语境；常用于招聘、选拔、数据筛选等场景。
记忆screen 本义为“筛子、屏幕”，用筛子过滤掉杂质即“剔除”，可联想“过滤”。
搭配screen out applicants, screen out errors, screen out impurities
近义filter out, weed out, eliminate
反义select, include, retain
派生screening（n. 筛选、审查）
The company uses strict criteria to screen out unqualified applicants before interviews.
公司在面试前使用严格的标准筛选掉不合格的申请者。
28culture shock
文化冲突
讲解culture shock 指初到异国他乡时因文化差异产生的困惑与不适，是雅思口语和写作中讨论留学、移民话题的高频表达。
记忆culture（文化）+ shock（冲击），两种文化碰撞带来的“冲击感”。
搭配experience culture shock, suffer from culture shock, overcome culture shock
近义cultural disorientation, cultural conflict
派生culture-shocked（adj. 受文化冲击的）
Many international students experience culture shock during their first semester abroad.
许多国际学生在国外第一个学期会经历文化冲突。
29population explosion
人口爆炸
讲解population explosion 指人口在短期内急剧增长，常用于讨论资源短缺、环境压力、城市化等社会问题。
记忆population（人口）+ explosion（爆炸），人口像爆炸一样迅速膨胀。
搭配rapid population explosion, control the population explosion, the population explosion in
近义population boom, population surge
反义population decline, population shrinkage
派生explode（v. 激增）, explosive（adj. 爆炸性的）
The population explosion in developing countries has put enormous pressure on resources.
发展中国家的人口爆炸给资源带来了巨大压力。
30step out of
走出
讲解step out of 意为“走出、离开”，常用于抽象意义，如走出舒适区、走出阴影，也可指实际走出某个空间。
记忆step（迈步）+ out of（从……出来），迈步走出某处，引申为打破现状。
搭配step out of one's comfort zone, step out of the shadow, step out of line
近义move out of, walk out of, leave behind
反义step into, remain in
派生step（n./v. 步伐、迈步）
She decided to step out of her comfort zone and study in a foreign country.
她决定走出舒适区，去外国留学。
31chronological pattern
按年代顺序排列的模式
讲解常用于描述历史展览、文章结构或事件叙述，强调按时间先后排列。
搭配in a chronological pattern, follow a chronological pattern
近义in chronological order, chronologically
反义in random order
The museum arranged its exhibits in a chronological pattern, from the Stone Age to the modern era.
博物馆按年代顺序排列展品，从石器时代一直到现代。
32chemical industry
化学工业
讲解雅思写作中常出现在工业发展、环境污染等话题，可作主语或宾语。
搭配develop the chemical industry, the chemical industry's impact
近义chemical sector, chemical manufacturing
派生chemical engineer, chemical engineering
The chemical industry plays a vital role in the national economy but also causes serious pollution.
化学工业在国民经济中起着至关重要的作用，但也造成了严重的污染。
33scenic beauty
风景秀丽
讲解多用于旅游、环境类话题，常与 enjoy, admire, attract visitors 等搭配。
搭配enjoy the scenic beauty, admire the scenic beauty
近义natural beauty, picturesque scenery
派生scenic spot, scenic area
Tourists are drawn to this region for its scenic beauty and rich cultural heritage.
游客被这一地区的秀丽风景和丰富文化遗产所吸引。
34cope with
应付，处理
讲解后接名词或动名词，常用于压力、困难、变化等话题，口语写作皆可。
搭配cope with stress, cope with change, cope with difficulties
近义deal with, handle, manage
反义give up, surrender
Many young people find it hard to cope with the pressure of modern urban life.
许多年轻人发现很难应付现代城市生活的压力。
35adjunct professor
副教授
讲解美式说法，指非终身教职的兼职或客座教授，注意与 associate professor 区别。
搭配serve as an adjunct professor, an adjunct professor of law
近义visiting professor, part-time professor
派生adjunct faculty
She worked as an adjunct professor at the university while pursuing her own research.
她在大学担任副教授，同时从事自己的研究。
36facial feature
面部特征
讲解常用于科技、身份识别、外貌描写等语境，feature 此处多用复数。
搭配distinctive facial features, analyse facial features
近义facial characteristics, face traits
派生facial recognition, facial expression
Researchers used software to analyse each participant's facial features in great detail.
研究人员使用软件详细分析每位参与者的面部特征。
37suck up water
吸收水分
讲解动词短语，suck up 本义为“吸上来、吸收”，主语多为植物、土壤、海绵等能吸水的物体
搭配suck up water from the soil; suck up moisture; suck up nutrients
近义absorb water; soak up water; take in water
反义release water; drain water
派生suck-up（名词，爱拍马屁的人）
The thirsty soil will suck up water quickly after a long period of drought.
长期干旱之后，干渴的土壤会迅速吸收水分。
38electricity indicator
电量指示灯
讲解名词短语，指显示电量或通电状态的指示灯，常见于充电器、家电、仪器面板
搭配the electricity indicator lights up; a red electricity indicator; check the electricity indicator
近义power light; battery indicator; charge light
派生indicate（动词，指示）；indication（名词，指示）
The electricity indicator on the charger turns green once the battery is fully charged.
电池充满后，充电器上的电量指示灯会变成绿色。
39academic debate
学术争论
讲解名词短语，指学者之间围绕理论或政策展开的正式争论，常用于教育、科研类话题
搭配spark an academic debate; engage in academic debate; a heated academic debate
近义scholarly dispute; intellectual controversy; academic argument
反义consensus; agreement
派生debate（动词，辩论）；debater（名词，辩论者）
The academic debate over climate policy has continued for decades among leading scholars.
关于气候政策的学术争论在顶尖学者之间已持续了数十年。
40physical feature
自然特征
讲解名词短语，指地貌、山川、河流等自然形成的地理特征，常用于地理与旅游话题
搭配a natural physical feature; describe the physical features; prominent physical feature
近义natural feature; geographical feature; landform
派生feature（名词/动词，特征/以…为特色）
The Grand Canyon is a spectacular physical feature formed by millions of years of erosion.
大峡谷是经数百万年侵蚀形成的壮观自然特征。
41guided tour
有导游的游览
讲解名词短语，指由导游带领并讲解的参观游览，旅游类话题高频表达
搭配take a guided tour; a guided tour of the museum; book a guided tour
近义escorted tour; conducted tour; organized tour
反义self-guided tour; independent travel
派生guide（名词/动词，导游/引导）
We joined a guided tour of the ancient castle and learned about its long history.
我们参加了古堡的导游陪同游览，了解了它悠久的历史。
42mobile desalination unit
移动式海水脱盐设备
讲解名词短语，指可移动的淡化海水设备，多用于救灾、偏远地区供水等场景
搭配deploy a mobile desalination unit; a portable desalination unit; install the unit
近义portable desalination plant; water purification unit
派生desalinate（动词，脱盐）；desalination（名词，海水淡化）
After the earthquake, a mobile desalination unit was sent to supply clean drinking water.
地震后，一台移动式海水脱盐设备被送去供应清洁饮用水。
43vantage point
特定角度，有利位置
讲解vantage point 指观察事物的角度或地理位置上的有利位置，常用于议论文引出视角
搭配from a ... vantage point, at a vantage point, a good vantage point
近义perspective, standpoint, viewpoint
派生vantage（优势，有利地位）
From a historical vantage point, the industrial revolution reshaped almost every aspect of society.
从历史的视角来看，工业革命重塑了社会的几乎每一个方面。
44be devolved to
被移交给
讲解be devolved to 指权力由中央下放到地方，常用于政治、行政类阅读和写作
搭配devolve power to, devolve responsibility to, be devolved to local authorities
近义be transferred to, be delegated to, be handed over to
反义be centralised, be concentrated
派生devolution（权力下放）
In recent years, more powers have been devolved to regional governments across the country.
近年来，更多的权力被移交给了全国各地的地区政府。
45road haulage
公路货运
讲解road haulage 指用卡车进行的公路货物运输，是交通、物流类话题的高频术语
搭配road haulage industry, road haulage firm, by road haulage
近义road freight, trucking, road transport
派生haulage（货运），haulier（货运商）
The government plans to invest heavily in road haulage to reduce the burden on railways.
政府计划大力投资公路货运，以减轻铁路的负担。
46high-tech device
高科技设备
讲解high-tech device 泛指智能手机、平板等高科技电子设备，科技类话题常用
搭配use high-tech devices, portable high-tech devices, rely on high-tech devices
近义electronic gadget, advanced device, digital device
反义low-tech tool, simple device
派生high-tech（高科技的），device（装置）
Many students rely on high-tech devices such as tablets and laptops to complete their coursework.
许多学生依赖平板电脑和笔记本电脑等高科技设备来完成课业。
47education system
教育体制
讲解education system 指一个国家的整体教育体制，教育类写作必背表达
搭配a well-funded education system, reform the education system, the public education system
近义schooling system, educational framework
派生educational（教育的），educate（教育）
Finland's education system is often praised for emphasising creativity rather than endless testing.
芬兰的教育体制常因强调创造力而非无休止的考试而受到称赞。
48bar code
条形码
讲解bar code 指商品上供机器读取的条形码，科技与商业类阅读常见
搭配scan a bar code, print a bar code, a bar code reader
近义barcode（连写形式）, UPC code
派生barcode（条形码，连写）
Cashiers simply scan the bar code on each product to record its price instantly.
收银员只需扫描每件商品上的条形码即可即时记录价格。
49the upper class
上层阶级，上层社会
讲解指社会地位和财富最高的阶层，作主语时谓语常用复数；雅思社会类话题常用。
搭配the upper class family, belong to the upper class, the upper classes
近义the elite, the privileged class, the aristocracy
反义the lower class, the working class
派生upper-class (adj.) 上层阶级的
Members of the upper class often send their children to prestigious private schools.
上层阶级的成员常把孩子送进著名的私立学校。
50plantation zones
种植区
讲解指大规模种植经济作物的农业区域，多用于农业、地理类阅读和写作。
搭配tropical plantation zones, expand plantation zones, plantation zones for cash crops
近义farming areas, cultivation zones
派生plantation (n.) 种植园, planter (n.) 种植者
Coffee is widely grown in the plantation zones of tropical countries.
咖啡广泛种植于热带国家的种植区。
51come to light
为人所知；暴露
讲解意为真相或信息被揭露，不用于主动语态，主语多为facts、truth、evidence等。
搭配facts come to light, the truth comes to light, bring sth to light
近义be revealed, be disclosed, be uncovered
反义remain hidden, stay secret
派生无常见派生词
New evidence about the scandal came to light after the investigation.
调查之后，有关这桩丑闻的新证据为人所知。
52delicate balance
微妙的平衡
讲解指极易被打破的平衡，常与strike、maintain、keep等动词搭配，雅思议论文高频。
搭配strike a delicate balance, maintain a delicate balance, a delicate balance between A and B
近义a fine balance, a fragile equilibrium
反义a clear imbalance
派生delicate (adj.) 微妙的, delicately (adv.) 微妙地
Governments must maintain a delicate balance between growth and environmental protection.
政府必须在发展与环境保护之间维持微妙的平衡。
53hearing impairment
听力损伤
讲解医学和健康类正式用语，比hearing loss更书面，常用于雅思健康话题。
搭配cause hearing impairment, suffer from hearing impairment, severe hearing impairment
近义hearing loss, auditory damage
派生impair (v.) 损害, impaired (adj.) 受损的
Long exposure to loud noise can cause permanent hearing impairment.
长期暴露于噪音之中可能导致永久性听力损伤。
54niche markets
小众市场
讲解指需求特殊、规模较小的细分市场，常与serve、target、enter等动词搭配。
搭配serve niche markets, target niche markets, a niche market for sth
近义specialized markets, segmented markets
反义mass markets, mainstream markets
派生niche (n.) 商机, 合适的位置
Small businesses often survive by serving niche markets that big firms ignore.
小企业常通过服务大公司忽视的小众市场而生存。
55auditory function deficit
听觉功能缺损
讲解医学术语，指听力系统功能受损，常用于健康、职业安全类阅读与写作话题。
搭配auditory function deficit in children; cause an auditory function deficit; diagnose an auditory function deficit
近义hearing impairment; hearing loss; auditory dysfunction
派生auditory deficit; auditory processing disorder
Long-term exposure to industrial noise may cause an auditory function deficit in workers.
长期暴露于工业噪音中可能会导致工人出现听觉功能缺损。
56hormonal changes
荷尔蒙的变化
讲解常用复数形式，多指青春期、孕期、更年期等生理阶段体内激素水平的波动。
搭配hormonal changes during pregnancy; experience hormonal changes; hormonal changes associated with ageing
近义endocrine fluctuations; hormone fluctuations
派生hormone; hormonal imbalance; hormonally
Hormonal changes during adolescence can significantly affect a teenager's mood and behaviour.
青春期期间的荷尔蒙变化会显著影响青少年的情绪和行为。
57economic consequence
经济后果
讲解可数名词，常用复数 economic consequences，强调某一行为或事件带来的经济层面影响。
搭配serious economic consequences; the economic consequences of climate change; suffer economic consequences
近义economic impact; economic fallout; financial repercussion
派生consequence; consequent; consequently
The closure of the factory had a serious economic consequence for the entire town.
工厂的关闭给整个城镇带来了严重的经济后果。
58political slogan
政治标语
讲解指政党或候选人用来争取支持、传递立场的简短口号，常含宣传与动员意味。
搭配chant a political slogan; a catchy political slogan; adopt a political slogan
近义campaign slogan; rallying cry; political catchphrase
The candidate's campaign relied heavily on a simple political slogan that appealed to voters.
这位候选人的竞选活动在很大程度上依赖一句能打动选民的简单政治标语。
59innovation strategy
创新战略
讲解商务与管理类高频表达，指企业为推动新产品、新技术而制定的整体规划。
搭配develop an innovation strategy; a long-term innovation strategy; implement an innovation strategy
近义innovation policy; R&D strategy; creative strategy
派生innovate; innovative; innovation
Companies that fail to develop a clear innovation strategy often lose ground to competitors.
未能制定明确创新战略的公司往往会在竞争中落后。
60Arctic circle
北极圈
讲解专有名词，指北纬66.5度以北的区域，首字母通常大写，常出现在气候与环境类话题中。
搭配within the Arctic Circle; cross the Arctic Circle; the Arctic Circle region
近义the Arctic; the far north
派生Arctic; Antarctic; subarctic
Scientists have recorded rising temperatures even within the Arctic Circle in recent decades.
近几十年来，科学家甚至记录到北极圈内气温的上升。