1 / 200 句0 词已学
1-er
人
讲解名词后缀,加在动词后表示做某事的人或物;也可表示某地人或某类事物
记忆由动词加 -er 构成施动者,如 teach→teacher,manage→manager
搭配a computer user, a foreigner, a two-seater
近义-or, -ist, -ant
派生teacher n. 教师;foreigner n. 外国人;boiler n. 锅炉
The manufacturer recalled thousands of toys after a safety test revealed a design flaw.
一家制造商在安全测试发现设计缺陷后召回了数千件玩具。
2-or, -ator, -itor
人
讲解加在动词后表“做该动作的人”,-ator/-itor 多接 -ate/-it 结尾的动词
记忆来自拉丁语施事后缀,与动词过去分词词干相连
搭配translator, creator, editor, supervisor
近义-er, -ist, -ant
派生由它构成的词:actor, inventor, competitor
The translator worked alongside a skilled creator to finish the project on time.
译员与一位技艺娴熟的创作者并肩工作,按时完成了项目。
3-ant
人
讲解多接 -ate/-y 结尾动词,表从事某职业或行为的人,重音常落在 -ant 前
记忆与 -ent 同源,都来自拉丁现在分词词尾 -ant-/-ent-
搭配applicant, consultant, assistant, participant
近义-ent, -er, -ist
派生由它构成的词:immigrant, servant, occupant
The applicant waited nervously while the consultant reviewed her documents.
申请人紧张地等待,顾问则在审阅她的文件。
4-ent
人
讲解与 -ant 同源,接 -ere/-ere 类动词,表施事者或具有某状态的人
记忆拉丁现在分词词尾 -ent-,与 -ant 常可互换但拼写固定
搭配opponent, correspondent, resident, president
近义-ant, -er, -ist
派生由它构成的词:student, agent, patient
The opponent of the new policy argued that it would harm small businesses.
新政策的反对者认为它会损害小企业。
5-eur
人
讲解借自法语,多表从事某职业或活动的人,常带“专业、行家”色彩
记忆法语施事后缀 -eur,与英语 -or 同源
搭配entrepreneur, amateur, connoisseur, chauffeur
近义-or, -er, -ist
派生由它构成的词:restaurateur, provocateur
The young entrepreneur launched a startup that soon attracted foreign investors.
这位年轻的企业家创办了一家初创公司,很快吸引了外国投资者。
6-ic
人
讲解少数 -ic 结尾词可指人,多表职业或学科从业者,重音常在 -ic 上
记忆源自希腊语 -ikos,经“属于某领域的人”引申而来
搭配mechanic, critic, mimic, classic
近义-ian, -ist, -er
派生由它构成的词:musician 类同源 -ician
The mechanic explained that the engine failure was caused by a worn belt.
机修工解释说,发动机故障是由一条磨损的皮带引起的。
7-ician
(精于某种学术或从事某
讲解表精通某学术或从事某职业的人,多接 -ic/-ics 结尾词干
记忆-ic + -ian,先有学科 -ics 再指该行从业者
搭配technician, physician, musician, statistician
近义-ist, -er, -or
派生由它构成的词:mathematician, electrician
The technician repaired the laboratory equipment before the experiment began.
技术员在实验开始前修好了实验室设备。
8-ist
(信仰某种主义或从事某
讲解-ist 可表从事某职业或信奉某主义的人,构词力强,雅思阅读中常作身份定位词
记忆源自希腊语后缀,常接在名词或形容词后构成指人名词
搭配specialist, scientist, journalist, optimist
近义expert, professional, advocate
反义amateur
派生-ism(主义)、-istic(形容词后缀)
As a specialist in marine biology, she studies how coral reefs respond to warming oceans.
作为海洋生物学专家,她研究珊瑚礁如何应对海洋变暖。
9-ee
被动或主动的人
讲解-ee 多指动作的承受者,即被动一方,与 -er(主动者)相对,注意区分
记忆对比 employee(被雇佣者)与 employer(雇佣者),一被动一主动
搭配employee, interviewee, trainee, nominee
近义recipient, candidate
反义employer, interviewer
派生-er(主动者后缀)
The employee who was interviewed last week has already been offered the position.
上周接受面试的那位雇员已经获得了这个职位。
10popul
人民
讲解popul 表人民,常见于 population、popular 等词,雅思写作中常涉及人口话题
记忆联想 popular(受大众欢迎的),都与“人民、大众”相关
搭配population, popular, popularity
近义public, masses
反义elite
派生populate, population, popular, populous
The government must consider how its policies affect the general population.
政府必须考虑其政策如何影响全体民众。
11vulg
人群
讲解vulg 表人群、大众,引申为平庸、粗俗,vulgar 在雅思写作中可评价媒体内容
记忆由“大众的”引申为“大众化的、粗俗的”,词义随语境贬义化
搭配vulgar language, vulgar taste, vulgar display
近义crude, tasteless, coarse
反义refined, elegant
派生vulgarity, vulgarly
Some critics argue that such advertisements are vulgar and exploit people's insecurities.
一些批评者认为这类广告粗俗,并利用了人们的不安全感。
12femin
女人
讲解femin 表女人,feminism、feminist 是雅思社会话题高频词,注意与 female 区分
记忆联想 female(女性),同源词根均与“女性”相关
搭配feminism, feminist, feminine
近义womanhood, female
反义masculinity
派生feminine, feminism, feminist
Feminist writers have long challenged the way women are portrayed in the media.
女权主义作家长期以来一直质疑媒体对女性的刻画方式。
13matern
母亲
讲解matern 表母亲,maternal 常用于医学与社科语境,与 paternal(父亲的)相对
记忆联想 maternity(母性、产科),词根均指母亲
搭配maternal health, maternal love, maternal instinct
近义motherly, parental
反义paternal
派生maternity, maternally
Research shows that maternal nutrition during pregnancy strongly influences a child's later health.
研究表明,孕期母亲的营养状况会强烈影响孩子日后的健康。
14-ment
物
讲解-ment 多附在动词后构成名词,表行为、结果或具体事物,如 sediment 指沉积下来的物质。
记忆可联想:动词 + ment = 该动作产生的东西。
搭配sediment layer, river sediment, deposit sediment
近义deposit, residue
派生argument, instrument, document
The sediment at the bottom of the lake records thousands of years of climate change.
湖底的沉积物记录了数千年的气候变化。
15-al
物
讲解-al 常作形容词后缀,也可构成具体名词,如 pedal 指脚踩的装置,即踏板。
记忆与“脚”有关的 ped + al,表示供脚使用的部件。
搭配brake pedal, press the pedal, pedal bin
近义foot lever
派生pedal v. 踩踏板;pedalist n. 骑车人
He pressed the pedal hard, and the bicycle shot forward down the hill.
他用力踩下踏板,自行车沿着山坡疾驰而下。
16-er, -ier
物
讲解-er/-ier 加在名词或动词后常表示执行动作的人或物,tanker 指装载液体或气体的运输工具。
记忆tank 罐、箱 + er 物,表示“装罐运输的东西”。
搭配oil tanker, fuel tanker, tanker truck
近义cargo ship, vessel
派生tank n. 罐;tankful n. 一罐之量
The tanker carried crude oil across the ocean before docking at the port.
这艘油轮载着原油横渡大洋,随后停靠在港口。
17-ile
物体
讲解-ile 可构成名词,表示某种动物或物体,reptile 指爬行动物,也可引申为卑劣的人。
记忆可联想 rept 爬 + ile 物,表示会爬行的动物。
搭配marine reptile, reptile house, cold-blooded reptile
近义crawler, creeping animal
派生reptilian adj. 爬行动物的
The reptile moved slowly across the warm rocks in the morning sun.
这只爬行动物在晨光中缓慢地爬过温暖的岩石。
18-ion
物,用品
讲解-ion 常构成抽象名词,也可指具体事物或地点,intersection 指道路相交之处。
记忆inter 在……之间 + sect 切 + ion 物,表示“相互切割形成的地方”。
搭配at the intersection, road intersection, traffic intersection
近义junction, crossing
派生intersect v. 相交;intersecting adj. 相交的
Turn left at the next intersection, and you will see the museum on your right.
在下一个十字路口左转,你就会看到博物馆在你的右边。
19-on
物
讲解-on 可构成名词,表示组织、机构或具体事物,union 指联合而成的组织或联盟。
记忆uni 一 + on 物,表示“联合成一个整体的东西”。
搭配trade union, student union, form a union
近义association, alliance
派生unite v. 联合;unified adj. 统一的
The students formed a union to negotiate better conditions with the university.
学生们成立了一个工会,与大学谈判争取更好的条件。
20-or
器物
讲解后缀-or常表器物或执行动作的人,如 motor、tractor、calculator
记忆由动词加-or构成器物名词,如 generate→generator
搭配electric motor, motor vehicle, motor oil
近义engine, machine, device
派生actor n. 演员;tractor n. 拖拉机
The motor in this old machine still runs smoothly after years of use.
这台旧机器里的发动机用了多年后仍然运转顺畅。
21-ory
物
讲解后缀-ory可表场所或物品,如 factory、laboratory、inventory
记忆与场所或器物相关,如 observatory n. 天文台
搭配inventory list, take inventory, factory building
近义list, record, catalogue
派生factory n. 工厂;laboratory n. 实验室
The factory keeps a detailed inventory of all its raw materials.
这家工厂保存着所有原材料的详细存货清单。
22-el
物
讲解后缀-el常构成具体器物或物质名词,如 gravel、vessel、tunnel
记忆多为名词,指具体事物或材料
搭配gravel road, a layer of gravel
近义pebble, stone, grit
派生vessel n. 容器;tunnel n. 隧道
The path was covered with gravel after the heavy rain.
大雨过后,小路上铺满了砾石。
23-acle
物
讲解后缀-acle常表事物或抽象概念,如 miracle、obstacle、spectacle
记忆多构成名词,含“事物、状态”之意
搭配work a miracle, a miracle cure
近义wonder, marvel, phenomenon
派生obstacle n. 障碍;spectacle n. 景象
The doctor said her recovery was nothing short of a miracle.
医生说她的康复简直是个奇迹。
24-ain
物
讲解后缀-ain常表物质或地形名词,如 terrain、mountain、fountain
记忆多与自然事物相关,如 mountain、fountain
搭配rough terrain, mountainous terrain
近义landscape, ground, topography
派生mountain n. 山;fountain n. 喷泉
The mountainous terrain makes it difficult to build new roads here.
多山的地形使这里很难修建新道路。
25loc
地方
讲解词根loc意为“地方”,allocate指分配到某处,如 locate、local
记忆loc=place地方,如 local 当地的、locate 定位
搭配allocate resources, allocate funds to
近义distribute, assign, allot
反义withhold, retain
派生location n. 位置;local adj. 当地的
The government decided to allocate more funds to rural education.
政府决定向农村教育拨出更多资金。
26urb
城市
讲解urb 表示“城市”,常见于 urban、urbanise、urbanisation 等词,雅思大作文城市化话题高频。
记忆urb 音近“饿不”,城市里竞争激烈,饿不着也饿不死。
搭配urban area, urban sprawl, urban renewal
近义city-related, metropolitan
反义rural, countryside
派生urban, urbanise, urbanisation, suburban
Rapid urbanisation has transformed many rural areas into sprawling urban centres.
快速城市化已把许多乡村地区变成了不断扩张的城市中心。
27rur
乡村
讲解rur 表示“乡村”,构成 rural 等词,常与 urban 对举,用于城乡差距类写作。
记忆rur 联想“乳”,乡村有奶牛产乳,故指乡村。
搭配rural area, rural life, rural development
近义pastoral, agricultural
反义urban, city
派生rural, rurality, ruralise
Many young people leave rural villages to seek better opportunities in big cities.
许多年轻人离开乡村去大城市寻找更好的机会。
28-ry
场地,地点,
讲解-ry 表“场地、地点”,也表行业或集合,如 laundry、bakery、nursery。
记忆-ry 联想 room 的 r,表示一个地方。
搭配laundry room, do the laundry, a laundry list
近义-ery, -ory
派生bakery, nursery, brewery
She took her dirty clothes to the laundry before heading to the library.
她去图书馆前先把脏衣服送到了洗衣房。
29-ary
场所
讲解-ary 表“场所”,如 sanctuary、library、aviary,也可表人或形容词。
记忆-ary 联想 area 的 ar,指一个区域。
搭配a wildlife sanctuary, seek sanctuary, a bird sanctuary
近义refuge, shelter
派生library, aviary, granary
The old temple served as a sanctuary for refugees during the war.
战争期间这座古庙成了难民的避难所。
30-ar
场所
讲解-ar 表“场所”,如 seminar、calendar;也常作形容词后缀,如 familiar。
记忆-ar 联想 arena 的 ar,指聚集之地。
搭配attend a seminar, hold a seminar, a weekly seminar
近义workshop, symposium
派生seminar, calendar, scholar
The professor held a seminar on climate policy for postgraduate students.
教授为研究生举办了一场关于气候政策的研讨会。
31arium, orium
场所
讲解arium/orium 表“场所”,如 aquarium、auditorium、sanatorium,多为公共场所。
记忆-arium 联想 aquarium 水族馆,-orium 联想 auditorium 礼堂。
搭配a school auditorium, a public aquarium, a marine aquarium
近义hall, venue
派生aquarium, auditorium, sanatorium
The new auditorium can seat over two thousand students at a time.
新礼堂一次可容纳两千多名学生。
32dis-
不,没有
讲解dis- 表否定或相反,加在名词、形容词、动词前构成反义词,是雅思阅读高频构词方式。
记忆dis- 联想“this”去掉 th,剩下 dis 表示“不是这样”,即否定。
搭配disagree, disappear, dishonest, disadvantage
近义un-, in-, non-
派生disability, discomfort, disconnect
The disharmony between the two departments slowed down the whole project.
两个部门之间的不和谐拖慢了整个项目的进度。
33ob-, op-
逆,反
讲解ob- 在 c、f、p 前常变为 oc-、of-、op-,表示“逆、反、朝向”,雅思写作中 oppose 常考。
记忆ob- 形似“object”,物体挡在前面即为“逆、反”。
搭配oppose a plan, be opposed to, obstacle to
近义resist, object to, fight against
反义support, approve, favour
派生opposition, opponent, obstacle
Many citizens oppose the plan to build a new airport near their homes.
许多市民反对在自家附近新建机场的计划。
34neg
否认,拒
讲解neg 表否认、拒绝,常见于 negative、neglect、negotiate 等词,雅思阅读与写作均高频。
记忆neg 音近“捏”,捏碎别人的说法即“否认”。
搭配negative effect, negative attitude, neglect one's duty
近义deny, refuse, reject
反义positive, affirmative
派生negative, neglect, negotiate, negligible
The survey results were largely negative, which worried the marketing team.
调查结果大多是负面的,这让市场团队很担忧。
35counter-, contra-, contro-
相反
讲解counter-、contra-、contro- 均表“相反”,counter- 多构成形容词,contra-/contro- 多构成动词或名词。
记忆counter 本义“柜台”,柜台两边相对而立,引申为“相反”。
搭配contradict, controversy, counterargument, contrary to
近义anti-, opposing, against
反义supporting, consistent
派生contradiction, controversial, counterbalance
Spending more time on social media can be counterproductive to your studies.
花更多时间在社交媒体上可能对你的学习产生反效果。
36abs-
相反,去
讲解abs- 表“离开、相反”,常出现在 absent、abstract 等词中,注意与 ab-(离开)区分。
记忆abs- 联想“absence”,缺席即“离开”。
搭配absent from, be absent-minded, abstract concept
近义away, missing
反义present, attending
派生absence, absentee, abstract
She was absent from the meeting because of a sudden illness.
她因为突发疾病没有出席会议。
37-ful
有… 的,具
讲解-ful 是形容词后缀,表“充满…的、有…性质的”,加在名词后构成形容词,雅思写作常用。
记忆-ful 即 full,充满某物即为“有…的”。
搭配meaningful, useful, helpful, powerful
近义-ous, -y, -ive
反义-less
派生meaningful, harmful, thoughtful, successful
Volunteering abroad was a meaningful experience that changed her career path.
海外志愿服务是一次有意义的经历,改变了她的职业道路。
38-ed
有…的,如…
讲解-ed 作形容词后缀,附在名词或动词后表示“具有…特征的、处于…状态的”,如 talented、prolonged。
记忆多由动词过去分词演变而来,表被动或完成状态,如 tired、excited。
搭配prolonged period, prolonged exposure, prolonged illness
近义extended, lengthy, drawn-out
反义brief, short-lived
派生由它构成的词:talented, gifted, experienced, complicated
The prolonged drought has severely affected agricultural output in many rural areas.
长期干旱严重影响了多个农村地区的农业产量。
39-ent
具有… 性质
讲解-ent 作形容词后缀,表示“具有…性质的、处于…状态的”,也可作名词后缀表人,如 student、president。
记忆常与 -ence/-ency 名词后缀对应,如 diligent—diligence,prudent—prudence。
搭配indolent attitude, indolent lifestyle
近义lazy, idle, sluggish
反义diligent, industrious, active
派生由它构成的词:diligent, prudent, confident, different
The indolent student failed to submit his assignment before the deadline.
这个懒惰的学生没能在截止日期前提交作业。
40-ative, -itive
有… 倾向( 性
讲解-ative/-itive 作形容词后缀,表示“有…倾向或性质的”,常由动词加 -ate 再加 -ive 构成。
记忆多对应动词 -ate 结尾,如 accumulate→cumulative,talk→talkative。
搭配cumulative effect, cumulative evidence, competitive advantage
近义accumulative, incremental, progressive
反义decreasing, diminishing
派生由它构成的词:talkative, competitive, sensitive, quantitative
The cumulative effect of small daily savings can be surprisingly significant over time.
每天小额储蓄的累积效应随着时间推移可能出人意料地显著。
41-ive, -ar
有…性质的,
讲解-ive 表示“有…性质的、有…作用的”,-ar 表示“与…有关的”,均为常见形容词后缀。
记忆-ive 常对应名词 -ion/-ity,如 prospect→prospective;-ar 如 familiar、similar。
搭配prospective buyer, prospective employer, prospective candidate
近义potential, future, likely
反义current, existing, retrospective
派生由它构成的词:active, creative, effective, familiar
Prospective students are invited to visit the campus before making their final decision.
有意向的学生被邀请在做出最终决定前参观校园。
42-atic, -tic
有…性质的,
讲解-atic/-tic 作形容词后缀,表示“具有…性质的、属于…的”,多由名词或动词派生。
记忆常与 -ic 变体互换,如 drama→dramatic,system→systematic。
搭配erratic behaviour, erratic pattern, erratic schedule
近义unpredictable, inconsistent, irregular
反义consistent, steady, predictable
派生由它构成的词:dramatic, systematic, automatic, chaotic
His erratic driving behaviour alarmed both the passengers and nearby pedestrians.
他反复无常的驾驶行为让乘客和附近行人都感到惊恐。
43-ory
有…性质的,
讲解-ory 作形容词后缀,表示“有…性质的、与…有关的”,也可作名词后缀表场所,如 factory、laboratory。
记忆常与 -ion 名词对应,如 compulsion→compulsory,obligation→obligatory。
搭配compulsory education, compulsory course, compulsory measure
近义mandatory, obligatory, required
反义optional, voluntary, elective
派生由它构成的词:mandatory, satisfactory, obligatory, sensory
Wearing a seatbelt is compulsory for all passengers in the front and rear seats.
前排和后排所有乘客都必须系安全带。
44-eous, -ious, -ous, -tious, -uous
有…性质的,
讲解形容词后缀,加在名词或动词后表“具有…性质的”,如 famous、curious、dangerous。
记忆源自拉丁语 -osus,意为“充满…的”,与 full of 同源。
搭配superstitious beliefs、curious about、dangerous to
近义-ful、-y、-some
派生superstitious、curious、famous、cautious
Her superstitious beliefs made her avoid black cats and broken mirrors.
她迷信的信仰让她避开黑猫和破碎的镜子。
45-al, -ial
…的,具有…
讲解形容词后缀,-al 直接加名词后,-ial 多用于以 -ce/-t 结尾的词,如 celestial、essential。
搭配radical change、celestial body、essential to
近义-ic、-ical、-ous
派生radical、celestial、essential、commercial
The celestial bodies in the night sky fascinated the young astronomer.
夜空中的天体让这位年轻的天文学家着迷。
46-ary
…的,有…性
讲解形容词后缀,表“…的、与…有关的”,也可作名词后缀表人或场所,如 secretary、library。
搭配military service、elementary school、imaginary friend
近义-al、-ic、-ous
派生military、elementary、imaginary、voluntary
The military budget has increased significantly over the past decade.
军事预算在过去十年中大幅增加。
47-ate
具有… 的,
讲解形容词后缀,表“具有…的、有…性质的”,也常作动词后缀,如 activate、motivate。
搭配immediate effect、adequate for、accurate in
近义-ous、-ful、-ive
派生immediate、adequate、accurate、fortunate
The immediate impact of the policy was felt by thousands of families.
这项政策的直接影响被数千个家庭感受到了。
48-ant
…的,具有…
讲解形容词后缀,表“具有…性质的”,也可作名词后缀表施动者,如 servant、accountant。
搭配dissonant with、relevant to、abundant in
近义-ent、-ive、-ous
派生dissonant、relevant、abundant、dominant
The dissonant chords in the composition created a sense of unease.
乐曲中不和谐的和弦营造出一种不安感。
49-ulent
富有…的
讲解形容词后缀,表“富有…的、充满…的”,多含贬义或强调过度,如 fraudulent、turbulent。
记忆源自拉丁语 -ulentus,与 -ous 同源,但更强调“充满”。
搭配opulent lifestyle、turbulent times、fraudulent claim
近义-ous、-ful、-laden
派生opulent、turbulent、fraudulent、corpulent
The opulent hotel lobby featured marble floors and crystal chandeliers.
这家豪华的酒店大堂铺着大理石地板,挂着水晶吊灯。
50-ile
属于… 的,
讲解-ile 作形容词后缀,表“属于…的、可…的、易…的”,多接名词构成形容词
记忆与 -ile“易…的”相通,如 fragile 易碎的、docile 温顺的
搭配juvenile crime, juvenile delinquent, infantile
近义childish, youthful, immature
反义adult, mature
The juvenile elephant stayed close to its mother for several years.
那头幼象在好几年里都紧跟在母亲身边。
51-id
有…性质的,
讲解-id 作形容词后缀,表“有…性质的、处于…状态的”,常构成描述性形容词
记忆联想 splendid、rapid、valid 中的 -id 都含“具有某性质”之意
搭配splendid idea, vivid memory, valid point
近义magnificent, excellent, brilliant
反义dull, ordinary, plain
The scientists made a splendid discovery in the field of genetics.
科学家们在遗传学领域有了一项了不起的发现。
52-istic
属于…的,…
讲解-istic 为形容词后缀,表“属于…的、…主义的”,多由 -ist 或 -ism 派生
记忆由 -ist(…者)+ -ic 演变而来,如 artist→artistic
搭配artistic style, realistic view, optimistic attitude
近义creative, aesthetic, imaginative
反义inartistic, crude
Her artistic talent was evident in every painting she produced.
她的艺术天赋在她创作的每一幅画中都显而易见。
53-an
…的,属于…
讲解-an 作形容词或名词后缀,表“属于…的、…地方的人”,常加于地名或专名后
记忆由地名/人名加 -an 构成,如 America→American
搭配cosmopolitan outlook, urban area, suburban life
近义international, global, worldwide
反义provincial, local, parochial
London is a cosmopolitan city where dozens of languages are spoken.
伦敦是一座世界性都市,那里人们说着几十种语言。
54-ane
…的,有…性
讲解-ane 作形容词后缀,表“…的、有…性质的”,多构成描述性质的形容词
记忆联想 humane 人道的、mundane 世俗的、inane 空洞的
搭配humane treatment, humane society, humane approach
近义compassionate, merciful, kind
反义cruel, brutal, inhumane
The government adopted a humane policy toward refugees seeking shelter.
政府对寻求庇护的难民采取了人道的政策。
55-eal
具有… 性质
讲解-eal 作形容词后缀,表“具有…性质的、…的”,常接名词构成形容词
记忆联想 arboreal 树木的、corporeal 肉体的、ethereal 空灵的
搭配arboreal habitat, corporeal form, ethereal beauty
近义tree-dwelling, forest, woody
反义terrestrial, aquatic
Many arboreal species spend their entire lives in the forest canopy.
许多树栖物种一生都在森林树冠层中度过。
56-ical, -ic
…的
讲解-ic/-ical 均为形容词后缀,表「…的、与…有关的」,多接名词构成形容词
记忆源自拉丁语 -icus,经法语进入英语,常加在希腊或拉丁词根后
搭配tropical climate, historic site, economic growth, typical example
近义-al, -ous, -ary
派生historic, historical, economic, economical
The tropical rainforest is home to countless species found nowhere else on Earth.
热带雨林是无数地球上其他地方找不到的物种的家园。
57-icular
属于…的
讲解-icular 为形容词后缀,表「属于…的、与…有关的」,常由名词或词根派生
记忆源自拉丁语 -icularis,多与 -cule(小)同源,如 particular、molecular
搭配particular case, molecular structure, vehicular traffic
近义-ar, -ary, -al
派生particular, molecular, vehicular, spectacular
The particular method she chose proved far more efficient than the standard one.
她选择的那个特殊方法证明比标准方法高效得多。
58-ine
具有… 性质
讲解-ine 作形容词后缀表「具有…性质的」,也可作名词后缀表物质或女性
记忆源自拉丁语 -inus,常接在名词后,如 salt→saline、marine、divine
搭配saline solution, marine life, crystalline form
近义-ous, -ic, -al
派生saline, marine, divine, crystalline
The saline water in the lake is too salty for most fish to survive.
湖中的盐水太咸,大多数鱼类无法生存。
59a-
表加强
讲解a- 作前缀常表加强语气,也可表「在…上、朝向」,需结合词根判断
记忆源自拉丁语 ad-,在辅音前常缩为 a-,如 avail、arise、awake
搭配avail oneself of, be available to, arise from
近义ad-, ac-, af-
派生avail, arise, awake, amend
Regular exercise can avail you of better health and a more positive outlook.
规律锻炼能使你获得更好的健康和更积极的心态。
60com-, con-, cor-
表加强,
讲解com-/con-/cor- 表「共同、一起」,也可表加强语气,拼写随后接辅音变化
记忆源自拉丁语 cum(with),在 b/p/m 前作 com-,在 r 前作 cor-
搭配concern about, concentrate on, cooperate with, correspond to
近义co-, col-, syn-
派生concern, connect, correct, combine
The new policy concerns everyone who relies on public transport daily.
这项新政策关系到每个每天依赖公共交通的人。
61de-
表加强
讲解de- 可表加强,也可表「向下、离开、去除」,需依词根判断具体含义
记忆源自拉丁语 de(down, away),如 depict、decline、depart、delete
搭配depict as, depart from, decline sharply, derive from
近义dis-, un-, re-
派生depict, decline, depart, delete
The novel depicts the struggles of a young immigrant in nineteenth-century London.
这部小说描绘了十九世纪伦敦一位年轻移民的挣扎。
62celerveloc
快的
讲解表示“快、迅速”,常见于 accelerate、velocity 等学术词汇
记忆celer 源自拉丁语“快速”,veloc 同源,可联想 velocity
搭配accelerate growth, gain velocity, at high velocity
近义rapid, swift, speedy
反义slow, sluggish
派生acceleration, accelerator, velocimeter
New technology has accelerated the pace of change in the workplace.
新技术加快了职场变革的步伐。
63extro-
超过,以
讲解表示“向外”,与 intro- 相对,常见于性格和方向类词汇
记忆extro- 对应 extra-,均含“向外”之意
搭配extroverted personality, extrovert traits
近义outgoing, sociable
反义introvert, introverted
派生extroversion, extroverted
Extroverts often perform well in jobs that require frequent communication.
性格外向的人往往在需要频繁沟通的工作中表现出色。
64ulter
超出
讲解表示“超出、更远”,多用于 ulterior 等词,常含隐秘意味
记忆ulter 与 ultra- 同源,均表“超出”
搭配ulterior motive, ulterior purpose
近义hidden, concealed
反义overt, obvious
派生ulteriorly
The report hinted at ulterior motives behind the sudden policy change.
该报告暗示突然的政策变动背后另有隐情。
65out
过分
讲解表示“过分、超出”,常见于 outrage、outstanding 等词
记忆out 本义“出”,引申为“超出限度”,即过分
搭配public outrage, spark outrage, outrage at
近义fury, indignation
反义calm, contentment
派生outrageous, outrageously
The government's decision to raise taxes caused public outrage.
政府提高税收的决定引发了公众的愤怒。
66alt
高
讲解表示“高”,常见于 altitude、altimeter 等测量类词汇
记忆alt 源自拉丁语 altus“高”,可联想 altitude
搭配high altitude, altitude sickness, gain altitude
近义height, elevation
反义depth, lowness
派生altimeter, altitudinal
Breathing becomes difficult at high altitudes due to thin air.
在高海拔地区,由于空气稀薄,呼吸会变得困难。
67long
长
讲解表示“长”,常见于 prolong、longevity 等词,多指时间延续
记忆long 本义即“长”,加前缀 pro- 表向前延伸
搭配prolonged period, prolonged illness, prolong life
近义lengthy, extended
反义brief, short
派生prolong, longevity, longish
Prolonged exposure to noise can damage your hearing permanently.
长期暴露在噪音中会永久损害你的听力。
68fin
范围
用法 fin 表示“范围、界限”,引申为“结束、有限”。
记忆词根 fin=end/limit,如 finish 结束、final 最终的。
搭配finite resources, define the boundary, infinite space
近义limited, bounded, restricted
反义infinite, unlimited
派生finite, infinite, define, final
The company must work within the finite resources available to it.
公司必须在现有的有限资源范围内运作。
69form
形式
用法 form 表示“形式、形状”,构成与形成、塑造相关的词。
记忆词根 form=shape,如 form 形式、format 格式。
搭配formulate a plan, uniform standard, reform the system
近义shape, structure, pattern
反义deform, distort
派生formulate, formal, uniform, reform
Scientists try to formulate a theory that explains the observed data.
科学家试图构想出一个能解释观测数据的理论。
70mod
模式
用法 mod 表示“模式、尺度”,引申为方式、适度、时髦。
记忆词根 mod=manner/measure,如 mode 模式、moderate 适度的。
搭配modish style, modern mode, moderate speed
近义fashionable, trendy, stylish
反义outdated, old-fashioned
派生mode, modern, moderate, modify
The modish design of the building attracted many young visitors.
这座建筑时尚的设计吸引了许多年轻访客。
71act
做
用法 act 表示“做、行动”,构成与行为、驱动相关的词。
记忆词根 act=do/drive,如 act 行动、active 积极的。
搭配exact details, take action, react quickly
近义precise, accurate, perform
反义vague, approximate
派生act, active, exact, react
The exact time of the meeting has not yet been confirmed.
会议的确切时间尚未确认。
72ag
做,代理
用法 ag 表示“做、代理”,常构成与行动、推动相关的词。
记忆词根 ag=do/drive,如 agent 代理人、agenda 议程。
搭配set the agenda, act as agent, agitate for change
近义plan, schedule, program
反义—
派生agenda, agent, agency, agile
The agenda for tomorrow's conference includes three main topics.
明天会议的议程包括三个主要议题。
73fect
做,制作
用法 fect 表示“做、制作”,构成与造成、影响相关的词。
记忆词根 fect=make/do,如 perfect 完美的、effect 效果。
搭配affect health, perfect performance, effective method
近义influence, impact, produce
反义—
派生affect, effect, perfect, infect
The new policy will affect thousands of families across the country.
新政策将影响全国成千上万的家庭。
74us
用
讲解us 源自拉丁语 uti,表示“用”,加否定前缀 ab- 构成 abuse,指“用坏、滥用”
记忆ab(离开)+ us(用)→ 偏离正用 → 滥用
搭配abuse of power, drug abuse, abuse one's authority
近义misuse, mistreatment, exploitation
派生abusive, disuse, misuse
The company was fined for the abuse of its dominant position in the market.
该公司因滥用其市场主导地位而被罚款。
75abili
能
讲解abili 源自拉丁语 habilis,表示“能、易于”,构成 ability, able, rehabilitate 等词
记忆abili 音近“阿爸力”→ 阿爸有力气 → 能力
搭配ability to do sth, natural ability, learning ability
近义capability, capacity, competence
反义inability, disability
派生ability, able, enable, rehabilitate
After months of physiotherapy, she was finally able to walk without crutches.
经过几个月的物理治疗,她终于能够不用拐杖走路了。
76pot
能力,力量
讲解pot 源自拉丁语 potis,表示“有能力的、有力的”,potential 兼作形容词和名词
记忆pot(能力)+ ential → 有能力的 → 潜在的
搭配potential for, realize one's potential, full potential
近义possible, latent, capability
派生potent, potentiality, impotent, omnipotent
Solar energy has the potential to replace fossil fuels in the near future.
太阳能有潜力在不久的将来取代化石燃料。
77techn(o)
技艺,技术
讲解techn(o) 源自希腊语 techne,表示“技艺、技术”,常见于 technique, technology, technical 等词
记忆techno 音近“太可闹”→ 技术太可闹腾了
搭配advanced technology, technical skills, high-tech
近义skill, method, know-how
派生technical, technology, technician, technological
Modern medical techniques have greatly extended the average human lifespan.
现代医学技术大大延长了人类的平均寿命。
78art(i)
技巧
讲解art(i) 源自拉丁语 ars/artis,表示“技巧、技艺”,artefact 指人工制作之物
记忆art(技艺)+ i + fact(做)→ 用技艺做出来的东西
搭配cultural artefact, ancient artefact, artefact collection
近义artifact, handicraft, man-made object
派生artist, artistic, artificial, artisan
Archaeologists discovered several stone artefacts dating back to the Bronze Age.
考古学家发现了数件可追溯至青铜时代的石制人工制品。
79nom(y)
某领域的知识、理论,…
讲解nom(y) 源自希腊语 nomos,表示“法则、学科”,如 autonomy, economy, astronomy
记忆auto(自己)+ nomy(法则)→ 自己制定法则 → 自治
搭配regional autonomy, economic autonomy, grant autonomy
近义self-governance, independence, sovereignty
派生autonomous, autonomy, economy, astronomy
The region was granted a high degree of autonomy after decades of negotiation.
经过数十年的谈判,该地区获得了高度自治权。
80-ify
使…,…化
讲解-ify 是动词后缀,附在形容词或名词后构成动词,表示"使…化"
搭配simplify the process, clarify the issue, classify into groups
近义-ize, -en
派生classify, simplify, clarify, purify
The new policy aims to simplify the application process for international students.
新政策旨在简化国际学生的申请流程。
81ig
驱使
讲解ig 源自拉丁语 agere(驱动),常出现在含"驱动、行动"义的词中
记忆同源词根 ag/act 也表"驱动、做",可串联记忆
搭配drive sb to do, prompt action
近义ag, act
派生ambiguous, agent, agenda
The ambiguity of the contract led to a lengthy legal dispute.
合同的模棱两可导致了漫长的法律纠纷。
82spect
看
讲解spect 表"看",常见于 inspect、respect、spectator 等词
搭配inspect the goods, a spectacular view
近义look, view
派生inspect, respect, spectator, perspective
Prospective buyers visited the showroom to inspect the new electric car.
有意向的买家参观了展厅,查看这款新电动汽车。
83mir
惊奇
讲解mir 表"惊奇",miracle 指令人惊叹的事,admire 意为"钦佩"
搭配work miracles, a miracle cure
近义wonder, marvel
派生miracle, admire, mirror
It was a miracle that no one was injured in the terrible accident.
那场可怕的事故中无人受伤,真是个奇迹。
84opt
视力
讲解opt 表"视力、看",optics 为光学,optometrist 指验光师
搭配optical illusion, optical fibre
近义visual
派生optical, optics, optician
Regular eye tests can detect optical problems before they worsen.
定期眼科检查能在视力问题恶化前发现它们。
85vid, vic
看
讲解vid/vic 表"看",video、evident、provide 均含此词根
搭配video evidence, provide proof
近义see, view
派生video, evident, provide, visible
The video evidence clearly showed the suspect entering the building.
视频证据清楚地显示嫌疑人进入了那栋大楼。
86sist
站立
讲解sist 源自拉丁语 sistere,意为“站立”,常与前缀结合构成动词,如 resist、insist、persist
记忆联想:sist = stand,resist 就是“站住对抗”
搭配resist temptation, resist change, persist in, insist on
近义oppose, withstand, defy
反义yield, surrender
派生resist, insist, persist, consist, assist
She could not resist the temptation to check her phone during the lecture.
她无法抗拒在讲座期间查看手机的诱惑。
87stant, stat
站,立
讲解stant/stat 源自拉丁语 stare,意为“站立”,常见于形容词和名词中
记忆stat = stand,如 statue(站立的雕像)、stable(能站住的→稳定的)
搭配remain constant, stable condition, statistical data, instant reaction
近义steady, constant, stationary
反义unstable, variable
派生constant, instant, stable, statue, status, statistical
The company made a substantial profit after expanding into overseas markets.
该公司在拓展海外市场后获得了可观的利润。
88it
行走
讲解it 源自拉丁语 ire,意为“行走”,常见于与旅行、行进相关的词汇
记忆it = go,itinerary 就是“行走的路线”,exit 就是“走出去”
搭配travel itinerary, initial stage, transit system, circuit route
近义journey, route, passage
反义stay, halt
派生itinerary, exit, initial, transit, circuit
The tour guide handed us a detailed itinerary for the five-day trip.
导游递给我们一份五天旅行的详细行程表。
89vas
走,行
讲解vas 源自拉丁语 vadere,意为“走,行”,常出现在与侵入、扩散相关的词中
记忆vas = go,in+vas+ion = 走进去→入侵;e+vade = 走出去→逃避
搭配military invasion, invade a country, evade taxes, pervasive influence
近义intrusion, encroachment, penetration
反义retreat, withdrawal
派生invasion, invade, evade, pervasive, evasive
The invasion of the small country sparked international condemnation.
对这个小国的入侵引发了国际社会的谴责。
90ced, ceed, cess
行走,
讲解ced/ceed/cess 源自拉丁语 cedere,意为“行走,让”,常表示前进、让步或退出
记忆ced = go,pro+ceed = 向前走→前进;con+cede = 完全让出→让步
搭配concede defeat, gain access to, proceed with, exceed expectations
近义yield, advance, access
反义resist, retreat
派生concede, proceed, exceed, access, recession, precede
The government finally conceded that the policy had failed to reduce pollution.
政府最终承认该政策未能减少污染。
91ambul
行走,
讲解ambul 源自拉丁语 ambulare,意为“行走”,常见于与行走、移动相关的词
记忆ambul = walk,ambulance 原指“流动的战地医院”,可走动
搭配ambulance service, ambulatory patient, amble along, perambulate the park
近义mobile, walking, roaming
反义stationary, immobile
派生ambulance, ambulatory, amble, perambulate
The ambulance arrived within minutes and rushed the injured man to hospital.
救护车几分钟内赶到,将受伤男子紧急送往医院。
92err
漫游,
讲解err 表“漫游、偏离”,加 -ant 构成 errant,指漫游的或犯错的
记忆联想 error(错误)本义即“走偏了路”,走偏→漫游→出错
搭配errant knight / errant behavior / to err from the path
近义wandering, straying, roving
派生erratic, errant, aberration
The errant knight wandered through the forest for days without any clear direction.
那位漫游的骑士在森林里游荡了好几天,没有任何明确的方向。
93me
走
讲解me 表“走、经过”,per-(穿过)+ me→ permeate,指穿过并弥漫各处
记忆联想 me 像“我”在走,per(穿过)+ me(走)= 走遍各处→渗透
搭配permeate through / permeate into / permeate society
近义pervade, penetrate, diffuse
派生permeable, impermeable, permeation
The new policy will permeate every level of the organization within a year.
新政策将在一年内渗透到该组织的每一个层面。
94ven
来
讲解ven 表“来”,inter-(之间)+ ven(来)→ 来到中间→干涉、介入
记忆联想 convention(大家一起来)→ 会议;event(出来)→ 事件
搭配intervene in / intervene between / government intervention
近义interfere, mediate, step in
派生intervention, convene, prevent, invent
The government decided to intervene in the market to stabilize prices.
政府决定干预市场以稳定物价。
95vag(r)
漫游
讲解vag(r) 表“漫游”,extra-(超出)+ vag(漫游)→ 漫无节制→奢侈
记忆联想 vague(含糊的)也来自 vag,思路漫游→模糊不清
搭配extravagance in / extravagant lifestyle / extravagant spending
近义luxury, excess, wastefulness
反义frugality, thrift, moderation
派生extravagant, extravagantly, vagabond, vague
Her extravagance shocked her frugal parents, who never wasted a single penny.
她的奢侈挥霍让节俭的父母大为震惊,他们从不浪费一分钱。
96pragm
行为
讲解pragm 表“行为、做事”,加 -atic 构成形容词,指注重实际行为的
记忆联想 practice(实践)与 pragm 同源,都强调“做”而非“想”
搭配pragmatic approach / pragmatic solution / pragmatic view
近义practical, realistic, sensible
反义idealistic, impractical, theoretical
派生pragmatism, pragmatist, pragmatically
A pragmatic approach to climate policy is more likely to gain public support.
对气候政策采取务实的态度更有可能赢得公众的支持。
97cur(r)
跑,引申为“发
讲解cur(r) 表“跑”,curiosity 本义“跑过去想知道”,引申为好奇心
记忆联想 current(水流、潮流)同源,都是“跑动”之意
搭配out of curiosity / satisfy one's curiosity / curiosity about
近义inquisitiveness, interest, eagerness
反义indifference, apathy
派生curious, curiously, concur, occur
Her curiosity about distant cultures led her to travel across three continents.
她对遥远文化的好奇心促使她走遍了三大洲。
98ex-
出,出去
讲解ex- 表示“出、向外”,常加在动词前构成“向外移动/排除”之意
搭配exclude sb from, extract from, export to
近义out-, external
反义in-, im-
派生exclude, exit, extract, expel
The new policy aims to exclude illegal immigrants from the country.
新政策旨在将非法移民排除在该国之外。
99di-
分开,离开
讲解di- 表示“分开、离开”,常构成“分离/区分”类词
搭配distinguish between, divide into, divert from
近义dis-, apart
反义con-, together
派生divide, divert, divorce, digest
It is often difficult to distinguish between the twins.
区分这对双胞胎往往很难。
100vi, vey, voy
道路
讲解vi/vey/voy 表示“道路”,引申为“运输、旅行、传递”
搭配convey sth to sb, go on a voyage, en route
近义route, journey, transport
派生convey, voyage, convoy, previous
The ship will convey goods across the ocean next week.
这艘船下周将运送货物横渡大洋。
101od
道路
讲解od 表示“道路”,exodus 指“大批离去、成群外出”
搭配mass exodus, exodus from, exodus to
近义departure, migration, flight
反义arrival, influx
派生exodus, method, period
The exodus of refugees from the war zone continued for months.
难民从战区的大批逃离持续了数月。
102apt
适应;能力
讲解apt 表示“适应;能力”,adapt 强调调整以适应
搭配adapt to, adapt oneself to, be apt to do
近义adjust, accommodate, fit
反义unfit, maladapt
派生adapt, adaptation, aptitude, apt
Children adapt quickly to new environments and routines.
孩子们能很快适应新环境和日常安排。
103lect, leg
选择;收集
讲解lect/leg 表示“选择;收集”,collect 兼有“收集、聚集”之意
搭配collect data, collect stamps, select from, elect sb as
近义gather, assemble, pick
反义scatter, disperse
派生collect, select, elect, lecture
Please collect all the documents before the meeting starts.
请在会议开始前收齐所有文件。
104greg
组,群;收集
讲解词根 greg 表“组、群”,引申为“收集”,多出现在描述动物习性、社会行为的语境中。
记忆greg 音近“归哥”——大家归到一起找大哥,即成群聚集。
搭配gregarious animals;a gregarious person;gregarious species
近义sociable;herd-like;communal
反义solitary;antisocial
派生gregarious;congregate;segregate
Gregarious animals such as dolphins tend to gather in large groups for protection.
像海豚这样群居的动物往往会聚集成大群以寻求保护。
105clud
关闭
讲解词根 clud 表“关闭”,conclude 即“把讨论关起来”,引申为“推断出、下结论”。
记忆clud 与 close 同源,都含“关闭”之意,可联想记忆。
搭配conclude that...;conclude a deal;conclude from evidence
近义infer;deduce;draw a conclusion
反义open;begin
派生conclude;exclude;include;preclude
The evidence led the researchers to conclude that the drug was effective.
这些证据使研究人员得出结论:该药物是有效的。
106tect
盖子
讲解词根 tect 表“盖子”,detect 原意“揭开盖子”,故引申为“发现、察觉、探测”。
记忆de(去掉)+ tect(盖子)= 揭开盖子,自然就“发现”了。
搭配detect a change;detect a lie;detect errors
近义discover;perceive;spot
反义overlook;miss
派生detect;detective;detection;protect
The new sensor can detect even the faintest changes in air pressure.
这种新型传感器甚至能探测到气压最微弱的变化。
107tail
剪
讲解词根 tail 表“剪”,curtail 即“剪短”,常用于预算、开支、权利等抽象事物的削减。
记忆curtail 中 tail 本义“尾巴”,剪掉尾巴就是“缩短、削减”。
搭配curtail spending;curtail freedom;curtail production
近义reduce;cut back;trim
反义extend;increase
派生curtail;curtailment;detail;tailor
The company decided to curtail its spending on non-essential projects.
公司决定削减在非必要项目上的开支。
108tom
切割
讲解词根 tom 表“切割”,epitomise 原指“切到要点”,故引申为“集中体现、概括”。
记忆epi(在……上)+ tom(切)= 切到最核心处,即“概括、集中体现”。
搭配epitomise the spirit;epitomise the era;be epitomised by
近义embody;represent;summarise
反义obscure;obscure
派生epitomise;epitome;atomic;anatomy
The novel epitomises the struggles of ordinary people in wartime.
这部小说集中体现了战时普通人的挣扎。
109sect, seg
切,割
讲解词根 sect/seg 表“切、割”,section 即“切出来的部分”,常用于文章、报告、组织的划分。
记忆sect 与“切”音近,切割出来的就是“部分、部门”。
搭配a section of;in this section;section by section
近义part;division;segment
反义whole;entirety
派生section;sector;segment;insect
The report is divided into several sections, each covering a different topic.
这份报告被分成几个部分,每部分涵盖一个不同的主题。
110integr
完整
讲解integr 表“完整”,引申为“整体的、不可或缺的”,雅思写作常用 be an integral part of
记忆与 integer(整数)同源,整数是“完整”的数
搭配integral part of, be integral to, integral whole
近义essential, indispensable, inherent
派生integrate v. 整合;integrity n. 正直,完整
Regular exercise is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle for most people.
对大多数人来说,规律锻炼是健康生活方式中不可或缺的一部分。
111trig
琐碎
讲解trig 表“琐碎、小”,trivial 是雅思高频形容词,常修饰 details、matters
记忆联想 tri-(三)加 g,三件小事叠在一起,显得琐碎
搭配trivial details, trivial matters, seem trivial
近义insignificant, petty, minor
反义significant, crucial
派生triviality n. 琐事;trivialize v. 使显得微不足道
The professor dismissed such trivial details as irrelevant to the main argument.
教授认为这些琐碎的细节与主要论点无关,不予理会。
112clin
倾斜;斜坡
讲解clin 表“倾斜”,decline 由“向下倾斜”引申为下降、衰退,也可表婉拒
记忆想象斜坡向下倾斜,事物随之下降、衰退
搭配decline sharply, decline an offer, on the decline
近义decrease, diminish, refuse
反义increase, accept
派生inclination n. 倾向;incline v. 倾向
The government refused to decline the invitation to host the international summit.
政府拒绝谢绝主办这次国际峰会的邀请。
113flect
弯曲
讲解flect 表“弯曲”,deflect 指使偏离方向,常用于物理或抽象话题
记忆弯曲使方向改变,即“偏斜、转向”
搭配deflect attention, deflect criticism, deflect from
近义divert, deviate, turn aside
派生reflection n. 反射;flexible adj. 灵活的
The thick glass roof can deflect harmful rays away from the plants below.
这层厚玻璃屋顶能把有害射线偏折开,使其远离下方的植物。
114nect
连结,系
讲解nect 表“连结”,connect 是基础动词,雅思写作常谈交通、网络与联系
记忆与 annex(附加)同源,都含“系在一起”之意
搭配connect to, connect with, be closely connected
近义link, join, associate
反义disconnect, separate
派生connection n. 联系;connective adj. 连接的
High-speed rail lines connect major cities and boost regional economic growth.
高铁线路连接各大城市,并推动区域经济增长。
115lys
裂开,分解
讲解lys 表“裂开、分解”,analyse 即把事物分解开来研究,是学术写作高频词
记忆分解开来才能看清内部结构,故为“分析”
搭配analyse data, analyse the results, analyse in detail
近义examine, evaluate, break down
派生analysis n. 分析;analytical adj. 分析的
Scientists analyse the water samples to identify any harmful chemical substances.
科学家分析水样,以识别其中任何有害的化学物质。
116plod
爆裂;大声音
讲解plod作为词根表示爆裂声,常见于explode等词,注意与表示沉重行走的plod区分
记忆联想爆炸声“砰”的拟声,plod像重物落地的闷响
搭配explode with, plod along
近义blast, burst
派生explode, explosion, explosive
The firecracker exploded with a loud plod that startled everyone nearby.
鞭炮发出一声巨响爆炸了,把附近所有人都吓了一跳。
117mix
混合
讲解mix为常用动词,指混合不同成分;名词形式为mixture,注意搭配mix A with B
记忆联想“mix”与“mixer”搅拌机,帮助记忆混合动作
搭配mix with, mix up, mixed feelings
近义blend, combine, merge
反义separate, divide
派生mixture, mixer, mixed
The chef mixed fresh herbs and spices to create a unique sauce.
厨师将新鲜的香草和香料混合,制作出独特的酱汁。
118fract, frag
打碎,破碎
讲解fract/frag为词根,表示打碎、破碎;常见于fracture, fragment等词
记忆联想“fract”音似“碎裂”,frag像碎片掉落的声音
搭配fracture a bone, fragment of glass
近义break, shatter, smash
反义unite, join
派生fracture, fragment, fragile, fraction
The earthquake caused the building to fracture into many small pieces.
地震导致建筑物碎裂成许多小块。
119her, hes
黏附
讲解her/hes表示黏附,引申为犹豫不决,如hesitate;注意与表示“继承”的herit区分
记忆联想“黏住”脚步,走不动,所以犹豫
搭配hesitate to do, hesitate about, without hesitation
近义pause, waver, falter
反义decide, proceed
派生hesitate, hesitation, hesitant, adhesive
She hesitated to accept the job offer because it required relocation.
她对接受这份工作犹豫不决,因为需要搬迁。
120junct
结合,连接
讲解junct表示结合、连接,常见于adjunct, junction等词;注意junct与join同源
记忆联想“junction”路口,连接不同道路
搭配adjunct to, at the junction of
近义addition, attachment, connection
反义separation, disconnection
派生junction, conjunction, adjunct, juncture
The new library is an adjunct to the main university building.
新图书馆是大学主楼的附属建筑。
121trans-vari
变化
讲解trans-表示越过、转移,vari表示变化;组合成transplant, variety等词
记忆trans-像“穿过”,vari像“变化”,合起来就是变换位置
搭配transplant into, a variety of, transform into
近义transfer, change, diversify
反义remain, stay
派生transplant, variety, transform, various
The variety of plants transplanted into the garden transformed its look.
移植到花园里的各种植物改变了它的外观。
122mut
改变,交换
讲解mut 表示“改变、交换”,常出现在生物、语言及社会变化类语境中,雅思阅读科普文高频。
记忆mut 联想 mutual(相互的),彼此交换即改变。
搭配mutate into、mutual benefit、mutual respect
近义alter、change、transform
派生mutation n. 变异;mutual adj. 相互的
The virus continues to mutate, which makes developing an effective vaccine even harder.
病毒持续变异,这使得研发有效疫苗更加困难。
123vers
转
讲解vers 表示“转”,引申为“转向相反方向”,故 converse 有“相反的”之意,也指“交谈”。
记忆vers 转,con 共同,一起转过来面对面就是交谈。
搭配the converse is true、converse with sb.、converse opinion
近义opposite、reverse、contrary
派生converse adj./v.、conversely adv. 相反地
Some researchers hold the converse view that technology isolates people rather than connecting them.
一些研究者持相反观点,认为科技使人孤立而非把人连接起来。
124rot
轮子;转
讲解rot 表示“轮子、转”,rotate 既指物体自转,也指轮换岗位,雅思写作中可表“轮换”。
记忆rot 与 wheel 相关,轮子转动的动作即 rotate。
搭配rotate around、rotate crops、in rotation
近义spin、revolve、turn
派生rotation n. 旋转;rotating adj. 旋转的
The Earth rotates on its axis once roughly every twenty-four hours.
地球大约每二十四小时绕轴自转一周。
125trop
转
讲解trop 表示“转”,原指太阳转向之处,故 tropical 指太阳直射回归线附近的热带。
记忆trop 转,太阳转到头顶的地方就是热带。
搭配tropical climate、tropical rainforest、tropical disease
近义torrid、equatorial
派生tropic n. 回归线;subtropical adj. 亚热带的
Tropical rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate due to logging and farming.
由于伐木和农业开垦,热带雨林正以惊人的速度消失。
126torn
转动
讲解torn 表示“转动”,torrent 原指翻滚奔涌之水,引申为“接连不断的大量事物”。
记忆torn 转,水翻滚旋转而下便成洪流。
搭配a torrent of、torrential rain、mountain torrent
近义flood、deluge、rush
派生torrential adj. 倾盆的;torrents n. 洪流
Heavy rain turned the quiet stream into a raging torrent within hours.
大雨在几小时内就把平静的小溪变成了汹涌的洪流。
127turb
搅动
讲解turb 表示“搅动”,涡轮机靠流体搅动叶片转动发电,也引申出 turbulent(动荡的)。
记忆turb 搅动,涡轮机内气流搅动带动叶片旋转。
搭配wind turbine、gas turbine、turbine blade
近义engine、motor
派生turbulent adj. 动荡的;turbulence n. 湍流
Wind turbines now supply a significant share of the country's renewable electricity.
风力涡轮机如今为该国的可再生电力供应了相当大的份额。
128mot
动
讲解mot 表示“动”,是英语中常见词根,掌握它有助于串联记忆大量词汇。
记忆联想 motor(马达)——让机器动起来的东西,mot 即“动”。
派生motive, motivate, promotion, emotion, motion
Her motivation to study abroad was driven by a strong desire for independence.
她出国留学的动机源于对独立的强烈渴望。
129alternportlat
拿出,放
讲解altern 表示“其他的;改变状态”,port 表示“拿,运”,lat 表示“拿出,放”。
记忆altern 联想 alter(改变),-ative 形容词后缀,表示“可改变的”→ 可供替代的。
派生alternative, alternate, alteration
搭配have no alternative but to do, an alternative to
The government proposed an alternative plan to address the housing crisis.
政府提出了一个替代方案来应对住房危机。
130tain, ten
拿住
讲解tain/ten 表示“拿住”,常见于 attain, contain, maintain, retain 等词。
记忆联想 contain(con 共同 + tain 拿住)→ 全部拿住 → 包含。
派生attain, contain, maintain, retain, sustain
搭配attain a goal, attain success, maintain balance
She worked hard to attain her goal of becoming a professional lawyer.
她努力工作以实现成为职业律师的目标。
131sum, sumpt
拿,取
讲解sum/sumpt 表示“拿,取”,assume 即“拿来当作真的”→ 假定。
记忆联想 consume(con 完全 + sum 拿)→ 全部拿走 → 消耗。
派生assume, consume, resume, presumption, consumption
搭配assume responsibility, assume that..., consume energy
We should not assume that everyone has access to clean drinking water.
我们不应假定每个人都能获得干净的饮用水。
132fer
带来,拿来
讲解fer 表示“带来,拿来”,常见于 transfer, refer, offer, prefer 等词。
记忆联想 transfer(trans 转移 + fer 带)→ 把东西带过去 → 转移。
派生transfer, refer, offer, prefer, differ, ferry
搭配transfer to, refer to, offer help
The ferry carries passengers across the river every thirty minutes.
渡船每三十分钟运送乘客过河一次。
133gest
带来
讲解gest 表示“带来”,digest 即“带开、分解”→ 消化;也引申为“领会”。
记忆联想 suggest(sug 在下 + gest 带)→ 从下面带上来 → 建议。
派生digest, suggest, gesture, congestion
搭配digest food, digest information, suggest doing sth
It takes time to digest all the information presented in the lecture.
消化讲座中呈现的所有信息需要时间。
134pher
带来
讲解词根pher意为“带来”,常见于transfer(转移)、peripheral(外围的)等词中
记忆pher来自希腊语pherein,与fer同源,都表示“带来、携带”
搭配transfer knowledge, peripheral vision, peripheral device
近义bring, carry, convey
派生periphery, peripheral, transfer
The scientist's research helped transfer peripheral knowledge into the central theory of the field.
这位科学家的研究帮助将外围知识转化到该领域的核心理论中。
135lev
提高,举起;变
讲解词根lev意为“提高、举起”或“变轻”,如elevate(提升)、levity(轻浮)
记忆lev来自拉丁语levare,意为“举起”,与light(轻)同源
搭配elevate standards, relevant information, levy a tax
近义raise, lift, elevate
反义lower, reduce, decrease
派生elevate, elevation, relevant, levity
The government introduced new policies to elevate the living standards of relevant communities.
政府出台了新政策以提高相关社区的生活水平。
136tol
举起
讲解词根tol意为“举起”,extol即“举起来赞美”,引申为颂扬
记忆tol来自拉丁语tollere,意为“举起”,同源词有tolerate(容忍,原义为“承受”)
搭配extol the virtues, extol someone's achievements
近义praise, laud, acclaim
反义criticize, condemn, disparage
派生extol, extolment
The professor extolled the virtues of hard work and dedication in his graduation speech.
教授在毕业演讲中颂扬了勤奋和奉献的美德。
137ject
投掷,扔
讲解词根ject意为“投掷、扔”,reject即“扔回去”,引申为拒绝
记忆ject来自拉丁语jacere,意为“投掷”,如project(向前投→项目)
搭配reject a proposal, reject an offer, project management
近义refuse, decline, dismiss
反义accept, approve, embrace
派生reject, rejection, project, inject, eject
The committee decided to reject the proposal due to insufficient evidence and funding.
委员会因证据和资金不足决定拒绝该提案。
138strain
拉紧
讲解词根strain意为“拉紧”,constrain即“一起拉紧”,引申为约束、迫使
记忆strain来自拉丁语stringere,意为“拉紧”,同源词有strict(严格的)
搭配constrain someone from doing, constrain growth, strain every nerve
近义restrict, limit, confine
反义free, liberate, release
派生constrain, constraint, restrain, strain
Tight deadlines can constrain employees from exploring creative solutions to problems.
紧迫的截止日期会限制员工探索创造性解决问题的方法。
139scend
爬,攀
讲解词根scend意为“爬、攀”,descend即“向下爬”,引申为下降
记忆scend来自拉丁语scandere,意为“攀爬”,如ascend(上升)、transcend(超越)
搭配descend from, descend into chaos, ascend the throne
近义climb down, drop, fall
反义ascend, rise, climb
派生descend, descent, ascend, transcend
The plane began to descend gradually as it approached the airport runway.
飞机在接近机场跑道时开始逐渐下降。
140rept
爬
讲解rept 源自拉丁语 repere(爬行),多用于动物学词汇,构词时常接 -ile 或 -ant 等后缀
记忆联想:rept 音近“rupt”,蛇爬行时身体像“断裂”般扭动
搭配reptilian features, reptilian brain
近义crawling, creeping
派生reptile, reptilian, reptant
The reptile slithered silently through the tall grass, hunting for its prey.
那只爬行动物悄无声息地滑过高草,搜寻着猎物。
141cas, cid
落下,降临
讲解cas/cid 源自拉丁语 cadere(落下),常表示“发生、降临”,如 accident、incident、occasion
记忆联想:cadence(节奏)也来自“落下”,节奏就是声音的落下
搭配cascade of events, by accident, in case of
近义fall, happen, occur
派生accident, incident, occasion, cascade
The accident was a cascade of errors that no one could have predicted.
这起事故是一连串无人能预料的错误所导致的。
142prehens
抓
讲解prehens 源自拉丁语 prehendere(抓住),常与 com-(完全)结合,表示“完全抓住→全面的”
记忆联想:prehens 与“prison”(监狱)同源,都是“抓住”的意思
搭配comprehensive analysis, comprehensive coverage, comprehensive understanding
近义thorough, exhaustive, all-inclusive
反义partial, limited
派生comprehensive, comprehend, comprehension, apprehensive
The report provides a comprehensive analysis of the current economic situation.
这份报告对当前经济形势进行了全面的分析。
143pris
抓
讲解pris 源自拉丁语 prehendere(抓住),enterprise 原指“着手抓住某事”,引申为企业、事业
记忆联想:pris 与 prehens 同源,都表示“抓住”,enterprise 就是“抓住机会去干”
搭配private enterprise, free enterprise, business enterprise
近义business, company, venture
派生enterprise, entrepreneur, entrepreneurial
She decided to start her own enterprise after gaining years of industry experience.
在积累了多年行业经验后,她决定创办自己的企业。
144tir
拉,引
讲解tir 源自拉丁语 trahere(拉、引),entire 原义为“完整的、未被拉动的”,引申为“全部的”
记忆联想:tir 与“tire”(疲劳)拼写相近,但词源不同,注意区分
搭配entire life, entire team, entire process
近义whole, complete, total
反义partial, incomplete
派生entire, entirely, entirety
The entire team worked tirelessly to meet the deadline for the project.
整个团队不知疲倦地工作,以赶上项目的截止日期。
145bat
打,击
讲解bat 源自拉丁语 battuere(打、击),combat 即“互相打→战斗”,也可作动词表示“对抗”
记忆联想:bat(蝙蝠)在夜间“拍打”翅膀飞行,帮助记忆“打、击”
搭配combat against, combat troops, hand-to-hand combat
近义fight, battle, struggle
反义surrender, retreat
派生combat, combatant, battle, batter
Soldiers were trained to combat both physical and psychological challenges in war.
士兵们接受训练,以应对战争中的身体和心理双重挑战。
146fest
打
讲解fest 本义为“打、击”,引申为“触及、显现”,故 manifest 有“明显的;表明”之义。
记忆fest 联想“拳头打(fest)在桌上,态度立刻显现出来”。
搭配manifest itself, manifest a tendency, manifest symptoms
近义reveal, demonstrate, display
派生manifestation n. 表现,显现
The survey manifested a clear trend toward remote work among younger employees.
这项调查显示出年轻员工中远程办公的明显趋势。
147pel, puls
驱动,推
讲解pel/puls 表“驱动、推”,compel 为“共同推动”即强迫;pulse 由“推动”引申为脉搏。
记忆pel 联想“推(pel)着走”,expel 就是把人推出去。
搭配compel sb to do sth, feel compelled to, pulse rate
近义force, drive, oblige
派生expel v. 驱逐;impulse n. 冲动;pulse n. 脉搏
Economic pressure compelled many families to cut back on non-essential spending.
经济压力迫使许多家庭削减非必要开支。
148trud, trus
推,冲
讲解trud/trus 表“推、冲”,protrude 为“向前推出”即伸出、突出,常用于描述地貌或物体。
记忆trud 联想“推(trud)出门”,intrude 就是闯入别人空间。
搭配protrude from, protrude into, protrude above
近义stick out, jut out, project
派生intrusion n. 侵入;extrude v. 挤压出
The rocky cliffs protrude dramatically from the calm surface of the sea.
岩石峭壁从平静的海面上醒目地突出来。
149ed
吃
讲解ed 表“吃”,edible 即“可吃的”;与 eat 同源,注意与 edible 形近的 edacious 意为“贪吃的”。
记忆ed 与 eat 首尾相近,都含“吃”的意味。
搭配edible oil, edible plant, barely edible
近义eatable, consumable
反义inedible, poisonous
派生edibility n. 可食用性
The chef insisted that every ingredient used in the dish be edible and fresh.
这位厨师坚持这道菜所用的每一种原料都必须可食用且新鲜。
150vor
吃
讲解vor 表“吃”,常构成以“-vore/-vorous”结尾的动物食性词,如 carnivore、omnivore。
记忆vor 联想“狼吞虎咽(vor)地吃”,贪婪的英文 voracious 也源于此。
搭配herbivore species, carnivore diet, omnivore adaptation
近义plant-eater, grass-eater
派生voracious adj. 贪吃的;carnivorous adj. 食肉的
As a strict herbivore, the panda relies almost entirely on bamboo for survival.
作为严格的食草动物,熊猫几乎完全依靠竹子生存。
151audit
听
讲解audit 表“听”,auditory 指“听觉的”;同源词 audience 原义即“听众”。
记忆audit 联想“听(audit)众听讲”,故与听相关。
搭配auditory skills, auditory nerve, auditory learner
近义acoustic, hearing-related
派生audience n. 听众;audition n. 试听,试镜
Children with strong auditory skills tend to pick up foreign languages more quickly.
听觉能力强的孩子往往能更快地学会外语。
152plor
哭,喊
讲解plor 表示“哭、喊”,常出现在表达悲伤、呼喊或强烈情感的单词中。
记忆可联想“哭喊声”plor,deplore 表示对某事感到痛惜。
搭配deplore the loss, deplore the fact, explore a cave
近义lament, mourn
反义rejoice
派生deplore, explore, implore
The child began to deplore his own mistakes after the teacher explained them.
老师解释之后,这个孩子开始为自己的错误感到痛惜。
153cent
唱;歌
讲解cent 表示“唱、歌”,引申为有节奏、有感染力的表达,常见于 eloquent 等词。
记忆可联想“唱歌”cent,能唱会道就是 eloquent。
搭配eloquent speech, eloquent speaker, accent
近义expressive, articulate
反义dull, inarticulate
派生eloquent, accent, incentive
Her speech was so eloquent that everyone in the hall listened in silence.
她的演讲如此有说服力,以至于大厅里每个人都安静地听着。
154rid
笑
讲解rid 表示“笑”,ridiculous 由“引人发笑”引申为“荒谬的、可笑的”。
记忆可联想“笑”rid,ridiculous 就是可笑到荒唐。
搭配ridiculous idea, ridiculous price, look ridiculous
近义absurd, laughable
反义sensible, reasonable
派生ridiculous, ridicule, derision
It seems ridiculous to spend so much money on a single meal.
花这么多钱吃一顿饭似乎很荒谬。
155flat
吹
讲解flat 表示“吹”,inflate 原指吹气,引申为使膨胀、抬高物价或夸大。
记忆可联想“吹气”flat,inflate 就是往里吹气使其膨胀。
搭配inflate prices, inflate the economy, inflate a balloon
近义expand, swell
反义deflate, shrink
派生inflation, inflationary, inflatable
The government tried to inflate the economy by lowering interest rates.
政府试图通过降低利率来刺激经济膨胀。
156plaud, plausrit
擦
讲解plaud/plaus 表示“拍手、鼓掌”,applaud 表示鼓掌称赞,plausible 则表示看似可信。
记忆可联想“拍手”plaud,applaud 就是鼓掌喝彩。
搭配applaud the performance, applaud loudly, plausible excuse
近义clap, praise
反义boo, criticize
派生applaud, applause, plausible
The audience applauded loudly when the singer finished her final song.
歌手唱完最后一首歌时,观众大声鼓掌。
157lav
洗,冲洗
讲解lav 表示“洗、冲洗”,lavatory 指盥洗室,lavish 则表示大量给予或挥霍。
记忆可联想“洗”lav,lavatory 就是洗手的地方。
搭配lavatory facilities, public lavatory, lavish gifts
近义washroom, toilet
派生lavatory, lavish, lavation
She washed her hands in the lavatory before having lunch.
她在吃午饭前在盥洗室洗了手。
158pict
绘,描画
讲解pict 表示“绘、描画”,常见于 depict、picture、picturesque 等词,多用于描述图画或文字再现景象。
记忆联想 picture(图片),pict 就是“画”的核心。
搭配depict a scene, depict sb as, a vivid depiction
近义portray, illustrate, represent
派生depict, depiction, picturesque
The ancient cave paintings vividly depict the daily life of early hunters.
这些古代洞穴壁画生动地描绘了早期猎人的日常生活。
159graph
写,画
讲解graph 表示“写、画”,构成 graph、graphic、photograph 等词,常指用线条或图像记录信息。
记忆联想“图表”graph,就是画出来的记录。
搭配bar graph, line graph, graphic design
近义chart, diagram, illustration
派生graphic, graphite, photograph
The graph shows a steady increase in temperature over the past century.
这张图表显示了过去一个世纪气温的稳步上升。
160text
编织
讲解text 本义“编织”,引申为“文本”(编织起来的文字)和“质地”(编织出的手感)。
记忆联想 textile(纺织品),text 就是“编织”。
搭配texture of, smooth texture, textual analysis
近义fabric, weave, composition
派生textile, texture, textual
The rough texture of the fabric makes it unsuitable for delicate clothing.
这种织物粗糙的质地使其不适合做精致衣物。
161decor
装饰
讲解decor 表示“装饰”,常见于 decorate、decoration、decorative 等词,指增添美观的布置。
记忆联想“装饰”decor,就是让环境变美。
搭配decorate with, interior decor, decorative art
近义adorn, ornament, embellish
派生decoration, decorative, decorator
They decorated the hall with flowers and balloons for the wedding.
他们用鲜花和气球装饰大厅以举办婚礼。
162dra
表演
讲解dra 表示“表演”,构成 drama、dramatic 等词,常引申为“戏剧性的、引人注目的”。
记忆联想 drama(戏剧),dra 就是“演”。
搭配dramatic change, dramatic effect, dramatic increase
近义theatrical, striking, sensational
派生drama, dramatize, dramatically
The dramatic rise in oil prices affected the global economy.
油价的急剧上涨影响了全球经济。
163servsatis
饱足
讲解serv 表示“保持、服务”,satis 表示“饱足”,构成 observe、satisfaction 等词,注意区分含义。
记忆联想“服务”serve 和“满意”satisfy,词根不同但形近。
搭配observe carefully, customer satisfaction, satisfy needs
近义watch, notice, content
派生observation, satisfactory, service
She observed the birds carefully and recorded their behaviour.
她仔细观察鸟类并记录它们的行为。
164tact
接触
讲解tact 作词根表“接触”,引申为与人打交道的能力,故 tact 本身即“得体、圆通”
记忆contact 是“共同接触”,tactile 是“触觉的”,都与“接触”相关
搭配tactful reply / show tact / lack of tact
近义diplomacy / sensitivity / discretion
派生tactful adj. 得体的;tactless adj. 不得体的
Her tactful handling of the complaint impressed both the client and her manager.
她处理投诉时的得体方式让客户和她的经理都印象深刻。
165tent
伸展
讲解tent 作词根表“伸展”,pretentious 由“向前伸展”引申为“张扬、自命不凡”
记忆extend 是“向外伸展”,tension 是“拉紧”,都含“伸展、拉”之意
搭配pretentious claim / pretentious style / pretentious language
近义arrogant / pompous / affected
反义modest / unassuming
派生pretentiousness n. 自命不凡;tension n. 紧张
The company's pretentious advertising campaign failed to convince ordinary consumers.
该公司自命不凡的广告宣传活动未能说服普通消费者。
166pon, pos(it)
放,放置
讲解pon/pos(it) 表“放、放置”,postpone 即“往后放”,故为“推迟”
记忆compose 是“放在一起”,expose 是“放出来”,均与“放置”有关
搭配postpone a meeting / postpone doing sth / postpone indefinitely
近义delay / defer / put off
反义advance / bring forward
派生composition n. 组成;position n. 位置;deposit v. 存放
The committee decided to postpone the final decision until more data became available.
委员会决定推迟最终决定,直到获得更多数据。
167sertpag
系牢
讲解sert 表“系牢、连接”,assert 由“把观点系定”引申为“断言、坚持”
记忆insert 是“放入、插入”,assert 是“把主张固定下来”
搭配assert oneself / assert that / assert one's rights
近义claim / declare / maintain
反义deny / refute
派生assertion n. 断言;assertive adj. 坚定自信的
The professor asserted that social media can both connect and isolate young people.
这位教授断言,社交媒体既能联系年轻人,也能使他们孤立。
168culc
踩踏
讲解culc 表“踩踏”,inculcate 原指“踩进去”,引申为反复灌输某种观念
记忆可联想 cultivate 也与培育、灌输有关,但 culc 更强调“反复踩入”
搭配inculcate values in sb / inculcate discipline / inculcate a sense of duty
近义instil / implant / imbue
反义eradicate / eliminate
派生inculcation n. 谆谆教诲,反复灌输
Teachers should inculcate curiosity in students rather than simply demand obedience.
教师应当向学生反复灌输好奇心,而不是仅仅要求服从。
169cred
相信,信任
讲解cred 表“相信、信任”,incredible 即“不可相信的”,常作“难以置信的”
记忆credit 是“信任、信用”,credible 是“可信的”,都与“相信”相关
搭配incredible speed / incredible story / find it incredible that
近义unbelievable / implausible / extraordinary
反义credible / believable
派生credible adj. 可信的;credibility n. 可信度;creditor n. 债权人
It seems incredible that such a small team completed the project ahead of schedule.
如此小的团队竟然提前完成了项目,这似乎令人难以置信。
170dict
说;断言
讲解dict 表示“说;断言”,常见于 predict、contradict、dictate 等词,多与言语或判断有关。
记忆dict 联想“dictation 听写”,老师说出内容让学生写,核心就是“说”。
搭配predict the future, contradict oneself, dictate terms
近义declare, assert, pronounce
派生predict, contradict, dictate, verdict
Many economists predict that the global market will recover within the next two years.
许多经济学家预测,全球市场将在未来两年内复苏。
171dox
观点
讲解dox 表示“观点”,orthodox 指“正统的”,paradox 指“悖论”,都与观点或说法有关。
记忆dox 可联想 doctor 的 doc,虽不同源,但可借“权威观点”帮助记忆 dox。
搭配orthodox belief, political orthodoxy, paradox of choice
近义conventional, traditional, established
反义unorthodox, unconventional
派生orthodox, orthodoxy, paradox, paradoxical
His orthodox views on education often clash with modern teaching methods.
他在教育上的正统观点常常与现代教学方法发生冲突。
172log(u)
说话
讲解log(u) 表示“说话”,也引申为“理性、逻辑”,常见于 logic、dialogue、monologue 等词。
记忆log 联想“logo 标志”,标志像在替品牌“说话”。
搭配logical reasoning, engage in dialogue, deliver a monologue
近义reasoning, rationale, discourse
派生logic, logical, dialogue, monologue
The professor's lecture on logic was so complex that few students understood it.
教授关于逻辑的讲座太复杂了,几乎没有学生听懂。
173ment
心智,神智
讲解ment 表示“心智,神智”,常见于 mental、mention、comment 等词,但含义会随构词变化。
记忆ment 联想 mind,二者都和“心智、想法”有关。
搭配mental health, mental state, comment on
近义intellectual, cognitive, psychological
派生mental, mentality, mention, comment
Regular exercise can improve both your mental and physical health.
经常锻炼可以改善你的心理和身体健康。
174sci
知道
讲解sci 表示“知道”,常见于 conscious、science、conscience 等词,核心都与“知道、认知”有关。
记忆sci 联想 science,科学就是人类追求“知道”的学问。
搭配conscious of, scientifically proven, scientific research
近义aware, knowing, cognizant
反义unconscious, unaware
派生conscious, science, scientific, conscience
She became conscious of the fact that her behavior had hurt her friend.
她意识到自己的行为伤害了朋友。
175not
知道;标记
讲解not 表示“知道;标记”,常见于 notion、notice、notable 等词,多与认知或标记有关。
记忆not 联想 note,做笔记是为了“标记”并“知道”重点。
搭配have no notion of, take notice of, a notable difference
近义idea, concept, belief
派生notion, notice, notable, notify
The notion that money guarantees happiness is widely debated in modern society.
金钱能保证幸福这一观念在现代社会广受争议。
176optim
最好,最佳
讲解optim 表示“最好、最佳”,常构成与“优化、乐观”相关的词
记忆联想 optimal(最佳的)——追求最好
搭配optimize resources, optimal condition, optimistic outlook
近义best, ideal, favorable
反义pessimistic, worst
派生optimism, optimistic, optimize, optimum
The new policy aims to optimize the use of limited resources in urban planning.
新政策旨在优化城市规划中有限资源的利用。
177(s)tinct, stimul
刺;刺激
讲解(s)tinct/stimul 表“刺、刺激”,多用于“激发、促使”语境
记忆联想 instinct(本能)——内在的“刺”驱动行为
搭配stimulate growth, stimulate interest, external stimulus
近义provoke, spur, arouse
反义discourage, inhibit
派生stimulus, stimulate, instinct, distinct
Bright colors and lively music can stimulate a child's interest in learning.
鲜艳的色彩和活泼的音乐能激发孩子的学习兴趣。
178flict
打击
讲解flict 表“打击”,常见于 afflict/conflict/inflict 等词
记忆联想 conflict(冲突)——双方互相“打击”
搭配be afflicted with, inflict pain, armed conflict
近义torment, plague, distress
反义comfort, relieve
派生afflict, conflict, inflict, affliction
Many refugees are afflicted by hunger and disease after fleeing their homeland.
许多难民在逃离家园后饱受饥饿和疾病折磨。
179lingu
语言,原意为“舌
讲解lingu 表“语言”,原意与“舌”相关,常见于语言类词汇
记忆联想 tongue(舌)——语言由舌头发音而来
搭配bilingual education, linguistic ability, body language
近义verbal, lingual
反义nonlinguistic
派生bilingual, linguistics, linguist, multilingual
Being bilingual gives her a clear advantage when applying for international jobs.
会说两种语言让她在申请国际职位时具有明显优势。
180demn
伤害,惩罚
讲解demn 表“伤害、惩罚”,常见于 condemn 等表示谴责或判刑的词
记忆联想 damn(该死)——与惩罚、谴责相关
搭配condemn sb for sth, condemn to death, strong condemnation
近义blame, denounce, sentence
反义praise, approve
派生condemn, condemnation, condemnatory
The court condemned the company for dumping toxic waste into the river.
法院谴责该公司向河中倾倒有毒废物。
181phas
说
讲解phas 表“说”,常见于 emphasize 等与表达、陈述相关的词
记忆联想 phase(阶段)——把话说清楚要分阶段
搭配emphasize the importance, place emphasis on, emphasize that
近义stress, highlight, underline
反义ignore, neglect
派生emphasize, emphasis, emphatic
The professor emphasized that regular revision is the key to exam success.
教授强调,定期复习是考试成功的关键。
182misc
混淆
讲解misc 源自拉丁语 miscere“混合”,故含“混杂、混淆”之义,多用于书面语
记忆miscellaneous 即“混合在一起的”,与 mix 同源,可联想记忆
搭配miscellaneous items / miscellaneous expenses / miscellaneous information
近义mixed / varied / assorted
派生miscellaneous adj. 各种各样的;混杂的
The two reports present miscellaneous data that are easy to confuse.
这两份报告呈现的是容易混淆的各种数据。
183solid
坚实的
讲解solid 本义“坚实的”,引申为“可靠的、确实的”,雅思写作中常修饰 evidence、foundation 等
记忆源自拉丁语 solidus“坚固的”,与 solder“焊接”同源,联想“焊牢即坚实”
搭配solid evidence / solid foundation / solid performance
近义firm / stable / substantial
反义weak / fragile
派生solidarity n. 团结,一致
The bridge rests on solid foundations that can bear heavy loads.
这座桥建立在能承受重载的坚实基础上。
184acu
尖,锐利
讲解acu 表示“尖、锐利”,引申为“敏锐、尖锐”,常见于学术与商务语境
记忆联想 acute“敏锐的、急性的”,词根相同,都含“尖”的意象
搭配business acumen / sharp acumen / acute pain
近义sharpness / keenness
派生acute adj. 敏锐的;急性的;acumen n. 敏锐;精明
Her business acumen helped the company survive the financial crisis.
她的商业敏锐帮助公司度过了金融危机。
185tim
害怕
讲解tim 表示“害怕”,timid 指因胆怯而畏缩,多用于描述人的性格或态度
记忆联想 intimidate“恐吓”,同含 tim,即“使人害怕”
搭配a timid child / a timid smile / too timid to do sth
近义shy / fearful / hesitant
反义bold / brave / confident
派生timidity n. 胆怯;timidly adv. 胆怯地
He was too timid to ask the professor any questions.
他太胆小了,不敢向教授提任何问题。
186hor(r)
颤抖,害怕
讲解hor(r) 表示“颤抖、害怕”,horrify 强调使人极度恐惧或震惊,语气较强
记忆联想 horror“恐怖”,同根词,都含“毛骨悚然”之意
搭配be horrified at / by sth / a horrifying experience
近义terrify / frighten / shock
派生horror n. 恐怖;horrible adj. 可怕的;horrifying adj. 令人恐惧的
The documentary horrified viewers with its graphic images of war.
这部纪录片用战争的逼真画面让观众感到恐惧。
187tempt
蔑视
讲解tempt 在此词根中表“蔑视”,contempt 指对人或事物轻视、不尊重,常与 for 连用
记忆联想 contemptuous“轻蔑的”,同根词,注意与 tempt“诱惑”区分
搭配contempt for sb/sth / hold sb in contempt / beneath contempt
近义scorn / disdain / disrespect
反义respect / admiration
派生contemptuous adj. 轻蔑的;contemptible adj. 可鄙的
She showed contempt for the rules by ignoring every warning.
她对规则表现出蔑视,无视每一个警告。
188trem
颤抖
讲解trem 表示“颤抖”,多用于描述因恐惧、寒冷或激动而身体发抖,常见于文学描写
记忆联想 tremble(颤抖)→ trem 即“抖动”之意
搭配tremble with fear, tremble at the thought, tremble in the wind
近义shake, quiver, shiver
派生tremble v. 颤抖;tremor n. 轻微地震;tremulous adj. 颤抖的
The villagers trembled with fear as the earthquake shook their houses violently.
地震猛烈摇晃房屋时,村民们恐惧得发抖。
189path(y)
感情
讲解path(y) 表示“感情、感受”,常见于 sympathy、empathy、apathy 等词,注意 -pathy 结尾多表“情感状态”
记忆path 本义“感受”,sym(共同)+ pathy(感情)= 共同的感情 → 同情
搭配feel sympathy for, express sympathy, out of sympathy
近义compassion, pity, empathy
反义indifference, apathy
派生sympathetic adj. 同情的;empathy n. 共情;apathy n. 冷漠
Her deep sympathy for the victims moved everyone present at the charity event.
她对受害者的深切同情感动了慈善活动上的每一个人。
190aesthet
感觉
讲解aesthet 表示“感觉、感知”,引申为对美的感受,常见于 aesthetic、aesthetics 等词
记忆aesthet 源自希腊语“感知”,与“美感的感知”相关
搭配aesthetic value, aesthetic appeal, aesthetic standards
近义artistic, tasteful
反义unaesthetic, ugly
派生aesthetics n. 美学;aesthetically adv. 审美上地
The new art gallery focuses on aesthetic value rather than commercial profit.
这家新美术馆注重美学价值而非商业利润。
191put
思考
讲解put 表示“思考、计算”,常见于 reputation、compute、dispute 等词,注意与“放置”义的 put 区分
记忆re(反复)+ put(思考)= 反复被思考 → 名声、声誉
搭配build a reputation, damage one's reputation, have a reputation for
近义fame, standing, prestige
反义disrepute, infamy
派生reputable adj. 声誉好的;reputation n. 名声;compute v. 计算
His reputation as a reliable researcher was built on years of careful work.
他作为可靠研究者的声誉是建立在多年严谨工作的基础上的。
192sens
感觉
讲解sens 表示“感觉”,常见于 sensation、sensible、sensitive 等词,注意区分 sensible(明智的)与 sensitive(敏感的)
记忆sens 即“感觉”,与 sense 同源
搭配a sensation of, cause a sensation, lose sensation
近义feeling, perception, sense
派生sensitive adj. 敏感的;sensible adj. 明智的;sensory adj. 感官的
The sensation of warm sand beneath her feet made the holiday feel perfect.
脚下温暖沙子的触感让这个假期显得完美。
193lect
讲
讲解lect 表示“讲、读”,常见于 lecture、dialect、collect 等词,注意 lect 在不同词中含义略有变化
记忆lect 本义“挑选、读”,引申为“讲说”
搭配give a lecture, attend a lecture, lecture on
近义speech, talk, address
派生lecture n./v. 讲座;lecturer n. 讲师;dialect n. 方言
The professor's lecture on climate change attracted a large audience yesterday.
教授关于气候变化的讲座昨天吸引了大批听众。
194clar
清楚的
讲解名词,指表达或思路清楚明白,常用于学术写作与口语评价
记忆词根 clar 表示“清楚”,同源词有 clear、clarify
搭配with clarity, lack clarity, clarify a point
近义clearness, lucidity, transparency
反义ambiguity, confusion
派生clarify v. 澄清;clarity n. 清晰
The teacher explained the theory with such clarity that even beginners understood it.
老师把这一理论讲解得如此清晰,连初学者都听懂了。
195cur
关心
讲解词根 cur 表“关心、在意”,引申出好奇、关注、照料等含义
记忆cur 联想到 care,关心即在意、好奇
搭配be curious about, take care of, cure a disease
近义care, concern, curiosity
派生curious adj. 好奇的;curiosity n. 好奇心;accurate adj. 准确的
Many people are curious about how the human brain processes language.
许多人对人脑如何加工语言感到好奇。
196cern, certliber
考虑
讲解cern/cert 表“区分、判断”,liber 表“自由”,合起来引申为权衡与考虑
记忆cert 联想到 certain,判断清楚才确定;liber 自由地权衡
搭配deliberate on, discern between, make a deliberate choice
近义consider, weigh, judge
派生discern v. 辨别;discernible adj. 可辨别的;deliberation n. 深思熟虑
She made a deliberate decision to study abroad after careful consideration.
经过仔细考虑,她有意决定出国留学。
197cit
激起
讲解词根 cit 表“激起、召唤”,常见于 excite、cite、recite 等词
记忆cit 联想到 cite 引用,引用可激起讨论
搭配excite interest, excite debate, cite an example
近义stimulate, provoke, arouse
反义calm, suppress
派生excitement n. 激动;exciting adj. 令人激动的;cite v. 引用
The new policy is expected to excite investment in renewable energy.
新政策预计会激起对可再生能源的投资。
198don
给予
讲解词根 don 表“给予”,多用于捐赠、授予等与给予相关的词
记忆don 联想到 donate,给予即捐赠
搭配donate money to, donate blood, make a donation
近义give, contribute, present
反义receive, take
派生donation n. 捐赠;donor n. 捐赠者
Wealthy individuals often donate large sums to universities and charities.
富人常常向大学和慈善机构捐赠大笔资金。
199rend
给
讲解词根 rend 表“给”,render 常表示“使成为、给予、提供”
记忆rend 联想到 render,给予某种结果即致使
搭配render assistance, render sth useless, render a service
近义give, provide, make
派生rendering n. 表演;翻译;rendition n. 演绎
The heavy rain rendered the roads impassable for several hours.
大雨使道路数小时无法通行。
200tribut
给予
讲解作名词指“贡品;颂词”,也常用于 pay tribute to sb(向某人致敬)这一固定表达。
记忆tribut 本义为“给予”,给出去的东西即贡品,给出去的赞美即颂词。
搭配pay tribute to, tribute band, a fitting tribute
近义homage, homage, compliment
派生tribute, tributary, contribute, distribute
Many ancient kingdoms paid tribute to stronger neighbours to avoid being invaded.
许多古代王国向更强大的邻国进贡,以避免遭到入侵。